A Kinetic Approach to the Description of Soil Phosphate Status

Cooke, I. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2389.1966.tb01452.x

Cited by 54 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…For this reason, the phosphorus which is blocked inside the oxide is excluded from the analysis, since it diffuses extremely slowly to the surface of the oxide pores. The results given in Figure 2 confirm investigations made elsewhere suggesting that the anion exchange resin method is well suited for the analysis of available phosphorus (Cooke andHislop 1963, Cooke 1966). The water extraction also releases labile phosphorus from the surface of oxides.…”

Section: Yields Uptake Of Phosphorus and Test Valuessupporting

confidence: 78%

“…According to studies made by Cooke (1966), the amount of phosphorus extracted from the soil by resin depends on extraction time in the following manner: Q = a |/t 4-b where Q is the amount of phosphorus desorbed from the soil, t is the extraction time, and a and b are both constants. Unpublished experiments made by the present author showed, with regard to Finnish soils, that the value of constant b is small, being at most only a few mg P/kg of soil.…”

Section: Test Methods and Capacity Factor Of Phosphorus Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of available soil phosphorus by chemical methods

Aura

1978

AFSci

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Section: Yields Uptake Of Phosphorus and Test Valuessupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Test Methods and Capacity Factor Of Phosphorus Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of available soil phosphorus by chemical methods

Aura

1978

AFSci

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“…pollutants by soil constituents and soils (Cooke 1966;Chute and Quirk 1967;Alekseyev and Zyrin 1980;Jardine and Sparks 1984;Simard et al 1992;Mengel and Uhlenbecker 1993;Dang et al 1994;Ma and Liu 1997). Cadmium sorption by HA is well described by the parabolic diffusion equation in the present study, suggesting that its rate is limited by diffusion.…”

Section: Kinetics Of Cadmium Sorption By Humic Acidmentioning

confidence: 48%

Sorption of cadmium on humic acid: Mechanistic and kinetic studies with atomic force microscopy and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy

Liu¹,

Frenkel²,

Vairavamurthy³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. 2001. Sorption of cadmium on humic acid: Mechanistic and kinetic studies with atomic force microscopy and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. Can. J. Soil Sci. 81: 337-348. Humic acids (HA) constitute a major fraction of the organic matter in soils and sediments. Little is known about the kinetics and mechanisms of Cd sorption by HAs, especially those pertaining to the surface features and structure of the Cd-humate complexes. We investigated Cd sorption by HA using the conventional batch method, N 2 -BET method, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy to gain a better understanding of the kinetics and mechanisms. Cadmium sorption by HA can be described by the parabolic diffusion equation. The increase in the apparent diffusion coefficient with an increase in the initial Cd concentration was less pronounced at higher initial Cd concentrations, apparently due to an enhancement in aggregation of the Cd-humate complexes. The HA before and after Cd sorption at Cd concentrations ≤ 10 -6 M in different reaction times was spheroidal in shape. The Cd-humate complexes formed at 10 -4 and 10 -3 M Cd gradually changed to resemble the shape of a bean with increasing reaction time, thereby substantially decreasing their specific surface. Cadmium ions raveled the spheroidal HA particles into a bean-like structure by coordinating to six O atoms from the functional groups of HA, with a Cd-O distance of 2.297(2) Å. The Cd-O bond strength decreased with increasing initial Cd concentration.Key words: Cadmium, humate complexes, conformation, atomic force microscopy, EXAFS Liu, C., Frenkel, A. I., Vairavamurthy, A. et Huang, P. M. 2001. Étude de la mécanique et de la cinétique de la sorption du cadmium par l'acide humique au moyen de la microscopie à force atomique et de la spectroscopie des structures fines par absorption des rayons X. Can. J. Soil Sci. 81: 337-348. Les acides humiques (AH) constituent une bonne partie de la matière organique présente dans le sol et les sédiments. On sait peu de choses sur la cinétique et la mécanique de la sorption du Cd par les AH, surtout en relation avec les propriétés de la surface et la structure des complexes Cd-humate. Les auteurs ont étudié la sorption du Cd par les AH selon la méthode par lots traditionnelle, la technique N 2 -BET, la microscopie à force atomique (MFA) et une variante de la spectroscopie des structures fines par absorption des rayons X (EXAFS) dans l'espoir de mieux comprendre la cinétique et la mécanique du phénomène. L'équation de diffusion parabolique décrit la sorption du cadmium par les AH. La hausse du coefficient de diffusion apparent associée à l'augmentation de la concentration initiale de Cd est moins importante quand la concentration initiale de Cd est plus élevée. On le doit apparemment à une meilleure agrégation des complexes Cd-humate. Les AH présentent une forme sphéroïdale avant et après la sorption du Cd (concentration ≤ 10-6 M) à divers temps de réaction. Les complexes Cd-humate qui voi...

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“…Later, the AER method was refined by LATHWELL et al (1958), COOKE andHISLOP (1963), andGUNARY andSUTTON (1967). A fundamental advancement occurred with the routine use of polyester-netting bags (SIBBESEN 1977) after the separation of the resin beads from the soil particles by using bags was primarily introduced by VAIDYANATHAN and NYE (1970) and ZUNINO et al (1972ZUNINO et al ( , 1973.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental protocol for the application of the modification of AER method involved three other particular analytical steps -a different ratio between soil and resin, different ways of leaching inorganic P assessed by resin, and a different shaking time. The operational conditions for the optimising of AER methods included the use of the ratio of 1 g of air-dried soil to 3 g (weight) of resin beads by COOKE and HISLOP (1963), the ratio of 4 g of air-dried soil to 5 cm 3 (volume) of resin beads by SHARPLEY et al (1989), the leaching of phosphates with sulphates and hydroxides after using AER as P-sink by GUNARY and SUTTON (1967), the leaching with a mixture of sodium chloride, hydrochloric acid, and distilled water by BACHE and IRELAND (1980), 2 hour-shaking by EL-NENNAH (1978), 16 hour--shaking by ZUNINO et al (1972), and 24 hour--shaking by SIBBESEN (1977). Both Cl-saturated (AMER et al 1955) and HCO 3 -saturated (SIBBESEN 1978) resins were examined.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2022

Soil & Water Res.

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Abstract:The anion-exchange resin (AER) method for the estimation of bioavailable phosphorus was slightly optimised for soils with high contents of readily soluble organic compounds as well as for those having very different clay and sand contents. The method based on a strong base anion exchanger, the active group of trimethyl benzyl ammonium, the field moist soil, and the enclosure of resin beds in a bag was very different soils under relatively uniform outer conditions where the determination of the absorbance of (blue) phosphate-molybdate complex at 870 nm is used. The motivation of the proposed method comes from distinctive features of forest soils where marked differences are commonly encountered between clay/silt/sand contents, pH-values, and the contents of organic substances. A modestly new methodology was applied for the evaluation of seasonal phosphorus dynamics in a forest environment. The recommended rapid assay for available phosphorus was statistically compared with other procedures. Considerable seasonal effects on the bioavailable P contents were demonstrated.Keywords: soil phosphorus; forest soils; available P determination 118Soil & Water Res., 1, 2006 (4): 117-126 ELRASHIDI et al. 1975SIBBESEN 1978) that AER phosphorus correlates highly with the uptake of phosphates by plants. Methodological development of the bioavailable phosphorus content measurements using AER in bags is useful for forest soils from the viewpoint of their distinctive features such as a greater quantity of humic substances with markedly different qualities, easily soluble organic compounds, conspicuous organic horizons, distinctive biota, frequently a higher degree of rockiness and stoniness, lower soil reaction, and more extreme mobility of elements. In addition, each of the methods for bioavailable P determinations may result in the mobilisation of not only available phosphates (BISSANI et al. 2002) but also of part of the non-mobile phosphorus pool in the soil sample. Alternatively, there exist available methods that eliminate this disadvantage, out of which the use of isotopical solutions of 32 P (OLSEN & SOMMERS 1982), water-extraction methods based on deionised water ( VAN DER PAAUW 1971), and AER methods are the most relevant for the routine use. The use of isotopical solutions of P is negatively influenced by both short-term and long-term phosphate resorptions, the amount of phosphates extracted by deionised water being extremely low and the anion-exchange resin methods before usage of polyester-netting bags being time consuming. With respect to the facts and to the distinctive features of forest soils, resin-extractable phosphates were studied. The particular analytical steps were derived from the facts that the amount of anion resin-extractable phosphorus used depends upon the time required for adsorption, the concentration of the resin, and the concentration of phosphates.The following analytical limitations of particular extractions were tested: (i) the extremely low amount of phosphates extracted by deionise...

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A Kinetic Approach to the Description of Soil Phosphate Status

Cited by 54 publications

References 8 publications

Determination of available soil phosphorus by chemical methods

Determination of available soil phosphorus by chemical methods

Sorption of cadmium on humic acid: Mechanistic and kinetic studies with atomic force microscopy and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy

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