A kinetic study to recover valuables from hazardous ISF slag

Leuchtenmueller, Manuel; Schatzmann, Walter; Steinlechner, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2020.103976

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Kim et al describe in a similar setting improved ZnO reduction rates at higher FeO concentrations and proposed a reaction between ZnO and FeO to form Zn and Fe 2 O 3 . [48,49] However, we believe that the elevated kinetics reported by Kim et al may have been a result of the increased CO formation, which increased the Zn gas development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Carbothermic Reduction of Zinc Containing Industrial Wastes: A Kinetic Model

Leuchtenmueller

Legerer

Brandner

et al. 2021

Metall Mater Trans B

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Effective recycling of zinc-containing industrial wastes, most importantly electric arc furnace dust, is of tremendous importance for the circular economy of the steel and zinc industry. Herein, we propose a comprehensive kinetic model of the combined carbothermic and metallothermic reduction of zinc oxide in a metal bath process. Pyro-metallurgical, large-scale lab experiments of a carbon-saturated iron melt as reduction agent for a molten zinc oxide slag were performed to determine reaction constants and accurately predict mass transfer coefficients of the proposed kinetic model. An experimentally determined kinetic model demonstrates that various reactions run simultaneously during the reduction of zinc oxide and iron oxide. For the investigated slag composition, the temperature-dependent contribution of the metallothermic zinc oxide reduction was between 25 and 50 pct of the overall reaction mechanism. The mass transfer coefficient of the zinc oxide reduction quadrupled from 1400 °C to 1500 °C. The zinc recovery rate was > 99.9 pct in all experiments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…In the prior reaction, gaseous Zn leaves the reaction zone during the first stage of the reaction and therefore, allow for the assumption of non-reversibility. [49] Equation [10] highlights that the resulting reaction rates of the metallothermic reaction are linked by the FeO to ZnO molar mass ratio.…”

Section: B Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbothermic Reduction of Zinc Containing Industrial Wastes: A Kinetic Model

Leuchtenmueller

Legerer

Brandner

et al. 2021

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…The crushed particles (69-90 lm) of carbonaceous materials were studied in current work, since crushed particles are injected using a carrier gas in the HIsarna process. The physical-chemical characteristic of the selected carbonaceous materials (CC, TC and CB) were thoroughly studied in our previous work [14] and their compositions are presented in Table III. The crushed particles of TC and CC were heated in a horizontal tube furnace to 1300 °C under an argon atmosphere at the heating rate of 10 ˚C/min and held for 3 h to fully remove the volatiles, hence the effect of volatiles on the reduction kinetic is neglected.The volatile components of CB are neglectgible, since it is produced at 1450 °C.…”

Section: A Materials Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many researchers studied [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] the reduction of iron oxides in solid or molten slag by different types of carbon, and some of the studies are summarised in Table I. Most authors agree that the mass transfer of FeO in the liquid phase is the rate limiting step during slag and solid carbon reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Study on Reduction of FeO in a Molten HIsarna Slag by Various Solid Carbon Sources

Htet

Yan

Khasraw

et al. 2022

Metall Mater Trans B

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To investigate the reduction behaviour of different reductants such as charcoal (CC), thermal coal (TC), and carbon black (CB) with HIsarna slag, a series of isothermal reduction experiments were performed in a vertical tube resistance furnace (VTF), coupled with a Quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) at 1450 °C, 1475 °C and 1500 °C. The results confirm that the highest overall reduction rate was achieved by CC, followed by TC and CB. The reduction mechanism between FeO containing molten slag and the selected carbonaceous materials is determined by studying the morphology of the water quenched samples at the intervals of 1.5, 3 and 5 minutes, using optical and scanning electron microscopes. The results reveal that the overall reaction is controlled by two main mechanisms: (1) nucleation and growth of CO bubbles, proceeded by the gaseous intermediates CO and CO2; and (2) diffusion of FeO in the molten slag. The initial reduction period in which chemical reaction control is dominant, can be described by the Avrami–Erofeev model, whereas the final period is described by the three-dimensional diffusion model.

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“…ZLHW is listed in the national catalog of hazardous wastes; therefore, it cannot be arbitrarily discarded. However, ZLHW is considered a good secondary resource because of its potential to recover valuable metals (Leuchtenmueller et al., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc recovery from hazardous construction wastes via an integrated process of the air classification, alkaline leaching, and water washing

Zhao

Liu

2022

Environmental Quality Mgmt

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Zinc-and lead-containing wastes are often mixed with construction and demolition wastes in many factories, generating abundant of heavy metal-enriched hazardous waste. In the present study, a novel integrated process of air classification, alkaline leaching, and water washing dechlorination was proposed for the efficient recycling of Zinc (Zn) resources. The first air classification process was realized via venturi tube, wherein the content of Zn could increase by 20 wt.%. After that, the product underwent an alkaline leaching process. Results showed that Zn recovery rate increased with fine particle sizes, and a 65% recovery rate was obtained under the following conditions of 5 mol/L NaOH, liquid/solid 10:1, and leaching time 1 h. Finally, water washing associated with microwave and ultrasonic treatments could remove over 85% of Cl and other water-soluble salts. All the results indicated that the integrated method had an excellent recovery rate for Zn resources from construction and demolition wastes.

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A kinetic study to recover valuables from hazardous ISF slag

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Carbothermic Reduction of Zinc Containing Industrial Wastes: A Kinetic Model

Carbothermic Reduction of Zinc Containing Industrial Wastes: A Kinetic Model

Kinetic Study on Reduction of FeO in a Molten HIsarna Slag by Various Solid Carbon Sources

Zinc recovery from hazardous construction wastes via an integrated process of the air classification, alkaline leaching, and water washing

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