A L.E.T. INDEPENDENT DOSIMETER BASED ON THE CHEMILUMINESCENT DETERMINATION OF H₂O₂

Abstract

A sensitive method for the determination of Hz02 based on the copper-catalyzed chemilu~ninescent reaction between luminol and H202 has been developed. The integral luminescence measured with a modified spec:trophotofluorometer was found to increase linearly with concentration for 3 X low8 t o 1.5 X ill H202 solutions. This method was applied to the determination of Hz02 formed in irradiated water and it was shown t h a t this system may be used as a dosimeter in the range 30 t o 3 000 rads. The following values were obtained for the initial H20? yields: G(H202) = 1.22 f 0.07 for =OCo y-radiation, 1.28 f 0.09 for 250 kVcp (105 keV effective) X-radiation and 1.31 f 0.04 for 14 MeV neutrons. These results and those of other workers demonstrate that the initial yield of Hz02 in aerated water increases only by about 15% for a n increase in radiation 1.e.t. of 0.02 to 14 ev/A.

Bacterial bioluminescence. Quantum yields and stoichiometry of the reactants reduced flavin mononucleotide, dodecanal, and oxygen, and of a product hydrogen peroxide

“…This luminol test gave a qualitative indication of the presence of hydrogen peroxide and could no doubt be made more quantitative by adopting the procedures of Armstrong and Humphreys (1965). However as Table III shows measurements of the oxygen consumption in the presence of catalase could also provide this quantitative information.…”

Effect of iron(II), cobalt(II), copper(II), and manganese(II) on the chemiluminescence of luminol in the absence of hydrogen peroxide

“…During study of luminol CL using Cu(II) as the catalyst we observed that some CL emission results even when no hydrogen peroxide is present. Previous studies of the effect of Cu(II) on the luminol reaction do not mention such an occurrence (13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Because this effect had not been reported previously and because it is normally held that Fe(II) is the only common metal ion capable of catalyzing the CL luminol reaction in the absence of hydrogen peroxide (2), we have investigated further.…”

Exploitation of reversed micelles as a medium in analytical chemiluminescence measurements with application to the determination of hydrogen peroxide using luminol

“…The lower limit (detection limit) was defined as the concentration of peroxide which gives a CL signal equivalent to 3tfb, where ab is the standard deviation of the blank signal. The detection limits presented here in the presence of the CTAC reversed micelles are 1 or 2 orders of magnitude poorer than those obtained with catalyzed (or enzymatic) luminol oxidation systems in water if based on an initial peroxide sample concentration basis (34,65,(68)(69)(70). The detection limits calculated in terms of the initial aqueous peroxide concentration are 4.4 X 6 M and 7.1 X 10"6 M for the peak height and the integrated CL signal, respectively.…”

“…This is not surprising since the slope has been reported to depend upon such factors as pH, luminol concentration, and type of catalyst used (33). For example, the slope varied from 1.3 to 0.94 in the Cu(II) catalyzed system, from 1.4 to 1.1 in the microperoxidase or hematin system, and from 2 to 1 in the horseradish peroxidase system (34,69). This reflects the intrinsic complexity of the mechanism and stoichiometry of the luminol-hydrogen peroxide oxidation reaction system (33).…”

“…The luminol (3-aminophthalate)-hydrogen peroxide chemiluminescence reaction system was selected for initial study in the reversed micelles due to its widespread use in chemical analyses (32). Its popularity in chemiluminescence assays stems from its great versatility in that a variety of possible analytes can be quantitated, e.g., (i) determination of hydrogen peroxide which in turn can be generated by either different coupled enzymatic reactions thus allowing for quantitation of the substrates or enzymes in such coupled reaction schemes (32,33) or radiation which allows its use as a radiation dosimeter (34) and (ii) quantitation of luminol as analyte in competitive binding immunoassays involving luminol (or its conjugates) as labels (32,35). Hence, any favorable reversed micellar effects on the luminol-hydrogen peroxide chemiluminescence reaction system would be of added significance and could be exploited to improve assays for a variety of analytes.…”