A Laser-Induced Incandescence System for Measuring Soot Flux in Aircraft Engine Exhausts

Jenkins, Thomas E.; Bartholomew, Jarett; Yang, Ping; Seitzman, Jerry M.; Howard, Robert B.

doi:10.2514/6.2002-3736

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Snelling and coworkers [105,106,108,146] and Witze and coworkers [105,409,461,462] further developed the technique for Diesel and spark-ignition engine exhaust, and Schraml et al [463][464][465] extended its applicability to Diesel-exhaust-particle sizing using time-resolved pulsed LII. Jenkins et al [466] and Black and coworkers [38,[467][468][469] similarly demonstrated the applicability of LII for aircraft-engine exhaust-particle measurements.…”

Section: Exhaust Gasesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Laser-induced incandescence: Particulate diagnostics for combustion, atmospheric, and industrial applications

Michelsen

Schulz

Smallwood

et al. 2015

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

328

206

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The understanding of soot formation in combustion processes and the optimization of practical combustion systems require in situ measurement techniques that can provide important characteristics, such as particle concentrations and sizes, under a variety of conditions. Of equal importance are techniques suitable for characterizing soot particles produced from incomplete combustion and emitted into the environment. Additionally, the production of engineered nanoparticles, such as carbon blacks, may benefit from techniques developed. This review discusses considerations for selection of laser and detection characteristics to address application-specific needs. The benefits of using LII for measurements of a range of nanoparticles in the fields mentioned above are demonstrated with some typical examples, covering simple flames, internal-combustion engines, exhaust emissions, the ambient atmosphere, and nanoparticle production. We also remark on less well-known studies employing LII for particles suspended in liquids.An important aspect of the paper is to critically assess the improvement in the understanding of the fundamental physical mechanisms at the nanoscale and the determination of underlying parameters; we also identify further research needs in these contexts. Building on this enhanced capability in describing the underlying complex processes, LII has become a workhorse of particulate measurement in a variety of fields, and its utility continues to be expanding. When coupled with complementary methods, such as light scattering, probe-sampling, molecular-beam techniques, and other nanoparticle instrumentation, new directions for research and applications with LII continue to materialize.

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Section: Exhaust Gasesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Laser-induced incandescence: Particulate diagnostics for combustion, atmospheric, and industrial applications

Michelsen

Schulz

Smallwood

et al. 2015

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

328

206

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A true backward configuration only provides measurement of averaged LII along the laser beam path. Off axis LII allows the spatial determination of soot along the laser beam path, and a system with viewing angle as low as 9° between the laser beam path and collection direction has been demonstrated on a small aero-engine [24].…”

Section: A Laser Induced Incandescencementioning

confidence: 99%

High-Sensitivity In Situ Soot Particle Sensing in an Aero-Engine Exhaust Plume Using Long-Pulsed Fiber-Laser-Induced Incandescence

et al. 2016

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A method to produce spatially resolved images of the distribution of absorbing particles in the exhaust plume of a modified helicopter gas turbine engine is presented. Over a small region of the plume, in-situ sensing of soot particles by Laser-Induced Incandescence (LII) is demonstrated using fiber-lasers with higher power (~10 W), longer pulse duration (>100 ns), and higher pulse repetition rates (>10 kHz) than conventional LII. The sensitivity of the method is illustrated by the detection of ambient absorbing particles in background conditions with engine at rest. With a running engine, single beam images are obtained in 0.01 s. The feasibility of using long-pulsed fiber-lasers for soot particle concentration measurement is investigated using a representative laboratory system. The time-resolved LII behavior and measurement linearity are investigated, demonstrating the suitability of using fiber-lasers for soot particle measurement for aero-engine emissions. Results for normalized soot concentration are compared with extractive measurements illustrating good correlation across a range of engine speeds. This work is the first step towards the development of a non-intrusive system for measurement of 2-D soot concentration in the cross-section of an aero-engine exhaust plume.

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Soot volume fraction measurements in aero-engine model combustor outlet using two-color laser-induced incandescence

WANG,

DING,

YAN

et al. 2024

Chinese Journal of Aeronautics

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A Laser-Induced Incandescence System for Measuring Soot Flux in Aircraft Engine Exhausts

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Laser-induced incandescence: Particulate diagnostics for combustion, atmospheric, and industrial applications

Laser-induced incandescence: Particulate diagnostics for combustion, atmospheric, and industrial applications

High-Sensitivity In Situ Soot Particle Sensing in an Aero-Engine Exhaust Plume Using Long-Pulsed Fiber-Laser-Induced Incandescence

Soot volume fraction measurements in aero-engine model combustor outlet using two-color laser-induced incandescence

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