“…It can easily deal with American-style features like early redemption and early exercise that are found in many option contracts. It is also exible, since only nominal changes are needed to price complex, nonstandard options, which do not have simple closed-form solutions [3] (Indeed, the exibility of the lattice method makes it widely adopted in recent literature, such as the evaluation of American stock options [6], variable annuity products [7,8], catastrophe equity puts [9], employee stock options [10], swing options [11], or corporate bonds [12][13][14][15]). Technically speaking, a lattice divides the option life into n discrete equal-length time steps and simulates stock price movements discretely at each time step.…”