“…The publications reviewed that used heuristic methods were more likely to optimize the ply-orientation considering a discrete set of values [12,57,73,96,112,208]. On the other hand, researches using gradient-based or hybrid methods preferred continuous variables [67, 74,171,220], or the optimization of the lamination parameters followed by a second optimization or selection criteria to choose the stacking sequence with the most similar characteristics [60,218]. This review does not have the extension of the work presented by Xu et al [275] and Nikbakht et al [174,175], limiting the validity of a statistical analysis on the popularity of the different methods used in the literature.…”