Design and optimization of self-deployable damage tolerant composite structures: A review

Dynamic probability modeling-based inspection intervals optimization for civil aircraft composite structures using Bayesian updating

“…(1) The initial strength is assumed to follow a Gaussian distribution [20,41]; (2) The number of damage occurrences is assumed to follow a Poisson distribution [42,43]; (3) A loglinear model is used to describe the load cases [20,42,44]; (4) The time of damage occurrence is assumed to follow a uniform distribution [42,45]; (5) The distribution of damage sizes is assumed to follow a Gamma distribution; (6) The probability of detection is assumed to follow a log-normal distribution [29,46,47]; (7) The number of inspection times until damage detection is assumed to follow a geometric distribution [20,32]; (8) The residual strength after damage is described by a statistical strength reduction model; (9) The residual strength after repair is assumed to follow a uniform distribution [20].…”

“…These random discrete events can reduce the inherent residual strength level of the structure, thereby compromising aircraft safety. Fracture mechanics-based deterministic techniques are predominantly used in engineering practice to evaluate damage tolerance [5][6][7]. In this context, variability is accounted for through the application of dispersion coefficients.…”

“…In this context, variability is accounted for through the application of dispersion coefficients. For example, Fernandes et al [6] provided a comprehensive review on damage tolerance and design optimization issues pertaining to composite materials. Bogenfeld et al [8] proposed an analytical damage tolerance method for compressed load composite laminates with delamination damage.…”

Photocurable and elastic polyurethane based on polyether glycol with adjustable hardness for 3D printing customized flatfoot orthosis

“…28,29 By adding diluent monomers, such as isobornyl acrylate (IBOA), the viscosity of the resin can be decreased, the cross-linking point can be increased, and the mechanical properties of the material improved. [30][31][32] Finite element analysis (FEA) has been widely used to evaluate the mechanical properties of composites, 33,34 allowing researchers to efficiently evaluate the properties of selected materials. 35 The mechanical characteristics of PU are similar to those of super-elastic materials, and their stress-strain behavior is highly nonlinear; thus, a simple modulus of elasticity is no longer sufficient.…”

“…Finite element analysis (FEA) has been widely used to evaluate the mechanical properties of composites, 33,34 allowing researchers to efficiently evaluate the properties of selected materials. 35 The mechanical characteristics of PU are similar to those of super-elastic materials, and their stress–strain behavior is highly nonlinear; thus, a simple modulus of elasticity is no longer sufficient.…”