A Literature Review of Energy Optimal Adaptive Cruise Control Algorithms

Abstract

Transportation sector and its impacts on climate change have received much attention over the last decade. Energy-optimal vehicle control algorithms such as adaptive cruise control can potentially reduce fuel consumption and the consequential environmental impacts. Adaptive cruise control algorithms optimize vehicles' speed to lower energy consumption considering several constraints, including safety, stability, and comfortability. A wide range of algorithms with different objectives and optimization mechanisms have been reported in the literature. Due to the high diversity of constraints and objectives, a comprehensive study of these algorithms is required. In recent literature reviews, there is no comprehensive summary of the adaptive cruise control algorithms' features, classes, and objectives. This paper presents a holistic literature review of energy-optimal adaptive cruise control algorithms. We gathered relevant publications from well-eminent journals. Information on diversity and the number of publications will be presented to provide data on used references. For each paper, the objectives, features, and relevant classes of algorithms were extracted. Then a classification based on objectives is suggested, and mathematical formulas of representative studies are summarized to provide the required knowledge regarding mathematical modeling and optimization in this field. The study provides a useful insight into the development of the cruise control systems research field, revealing those scientific actors (i.e., authors, developers, and institutions) that have made the biggest research contribution to its development.

A comprehensive high‐level automated driving assistance system with integrated multi‐functionality

“…In recent years, the implementation of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) in intelligent vehicles has become widespread [1]. These systems encompass both longitudinal control functions, such as Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC), Automated Emergency Braking (AEB), and Forward Collision Warning (FCW), as well as lateral control functions, including Adaptive Lane Change (ALC) and Lane Keeping Assistant (LKA) systems.…”

“…This article presents an integrated HADAS system that combines the Extension Multi-mode Switching Strategy (EMSS) with an Event-triggered Model Predictive Controller (ETMPC) to effectively integrate various ADAS functions while maximising computational performance. The primary contributions of this research are as follows: (1) The institution of integrated HADAS, sufficiently utilising multi-road capacity and improving safety and traffic efficiency. (2) The proposal of Extension Multimode Switching Strategy (EMSS), which intelligently selects the optimal driving mode to enhance both safety and traffic efficiency.…”