A logical approach to the design storm concept

Packman, J. C.; Kidd, Christopher

doi:10.1029/wr016i006p00994

Cited by 51 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Pilgrim and Cordery, 1993, p. 9.13), and it is then assumed that the simulated peak discharge has the same return period as the storm (e.g. Packman and Kidd, 1980;Bradley and Potter, 1992). This is a pragmatic assumption but clearly not always correct because it does not account for the role of different processes in determining the relationship between the frequencies of the design rainfall and the derived flood peak (Pilgrim and Cordery, 1975, p. 81).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sieker and Verworn, 1980;Packman and Kidd, 1980;Pilgrim and Cordery, 1993;Alfieri et al, 2008) have concentrated on the choice of the design event, trying to fit its parameters in a way that the correspondence of storm and flood return periods is achieved in the real world. Concerning the runoff coefficient, the choice is usually made considering "average antecedent conditions" for the catchment Cordery, 1975, 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

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On the role of the runoff coefficient in the mapping of rainfall to flood return periods

Viglione

Merz

Blöschl

2009

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. While the correspondence of rainfall return period T P and flood return period T Q is at the heart of the design storm procedure, their relationship is still poorly understood. The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the controls on this relationship examining in particular the effect of the variability of event runoff coefficients. A simplified world with block rainfall and linear catchment response is assumed and a derived flood frequency approach, both in analytical and Monte-Carlo modes, is used. The results indicate that T Q can be much higher than T P of the associated storm. The ratio T Q /T P depends on the average wetness of the system. In a dry system, T Q can be of the order of hundreds of times of T P . In contrast, in a wet system, the maximum flood return period is never more than a few times that of the corresponding storm. This is because a wet system cannot be much worse than it normally is. The presence of a threshold effect in runoff generation related to storm volume reduces the maximum ratio of T Q /T P since it decreases the randomness of the runoff coefficients and increases the probability to be in a wet situation. We also examine the relation between the return periods of the input and the output of the design storm procedure when using a pre-selected runoff coefficient and the question which runoff coefficients produce a flood return period equal to the rainfall return period. For the systems analysed here, this runoff coefficient is always larger than the median of the runoff coefficients that cause the maximum annual floods. It depends on the average wetness of the system and on the return period considered, and its variability is particularly high when a threshold effect in runoff generation is present.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

On the role of the runoff coefficient in the mapping of rainfall to flood return periods

Viglione

Merz

Blöschl

2009

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…This method requires three basic assumptions; the selection of the design rainfall hyetograph (rainfall duration and time distribution), the selection of the antecedent soil moisture conditions before the storm event, and the equality of the return periods between the rainfall quantiles and computed flood quantiles [2,[11][12][13]. According to [14], even though the assumption that the return periods are equal between rainfall quantiles and simulated flood quantiles is not always acceptable [15], some researchers have found that the design storm method can produce acceptable peak discharge for a given return period if this method is used properly [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood Frequency Analysis for the Annual Peak Flows Simulated by an Event-Based Rainfall-Runoff Model in an Urban Drainage Basin

Ahn

Cho

Kim

et al. 2014

Water

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Abstract:The proper assessment of design flood is a major concern for many hydrological applications in small urban watersheds. A number of approaches can be used including statistical approach and the continuous simulation and design storm methods. However, each method has its own limitations and assumptions being applied to the real world. The design storm method has been widely used for a long time because of the simplicity of the method, but three critical assumptions are made such as the equality of the return periods between the rainfall and corresponding flood quantiles and the selections of the rainfall hyetograph and antecedent soil moisture conditions. Continuous simulation cannot be applied to small urban catchments with quick responses of runoff to rainfall. In this paper, a new flood frequency analysis for the simulated annual peak flows (FASAP) is proposed. This method employs the candidate rainfall events selected by considering a time step order of five minutes and a sliding duration without any assumptions about the conventional design storm method in an urban watershed. In addition, the proposed methodology was verified by comparing the results with the conventional method in a real urban watershed. OPEN ACCESSWater 2014, 6 3842 Keywords: design storm method; continuous simulation method; flood frequency analysis; urban drainage basin

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“…No other parameter has the same simple effect on the simulated flows, suggesting that the antecedent moisture component of the model is .inadequate. The importance of this component of single event models has been emphasized, directly or indirectly by a number of authors (Packman & Kidd, 1980;Beaudoin et al, 1983;Dunsmore et al, 1986). In general, the semi-distributed versions did not indicate demonstrable improvements over the lumped versions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The applicability of two single event models to catchments with different physical characteristics

Hughes

Beater

1989

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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One topic within the field of deterministic flood modelling that appears to have been relatively neglected is the level of model sophistication that is needed to satisfy the requirements of different model applications. This study considers two isolated event models, both of which can be operated in lumped and semi-distributed format. The results of modelling 174 rainfall-runoff events from 16 medium sized catchments in the USA and South Africa are compared for these models. The lumped models perform as well as the semi-distributed when the rainfall input is relatively spatially uniform. The semi-distributed models show demonstrable improvements for storms with spatially variable rainfall if the rainfall input is adequately defined by the available data. The simpler model appears to perform as well as the more complex one. However, this is achieved at the expense of consistency of parameter values for a single catchment. PossibËités d'application de deux modèles à événements isolés a des bassins de caractéristiques physiques différentes.Résumé Dans le domaine des modèles déterministes de crues, un sujet qui semble avoir été négligé est celui du niveau de sophistication de modèles, niveau requis pour satisfaire aux exigences de qualité de différentes applications des modèles. Cette étude considère deux modèles à événements isoles, les deux modèles pouvant être utilisé en format global ou semidistribué. Les résultats obtenus aux USA et an Afrique du Sud grâce au modelage de 174 cas de crues pluivales pour 16 bassins de superficie moyenne sont comparés. Les modèles globaux sont aussi performants que les modèles semidistribués, quand la hauteur de précipitations est relativement uniforme sur 1 ' étendue donnée. Les modèles semi-distribués montrent une amélioration démontrable dans le cas d ' orages où la hauteur de précipitation est variable dans 1 ' espace si cette hauteur de précipitations est définie de façon adéquate par les données disponibles. Le modèle plus simple semble aussi eficaces que les modèles plus complexes; cependant ceci s'obtient

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A logical approach to the design storm concept

Cited by 51 publications

References 0 publications

On the role of the runoff coefficient in the mapping of rainfall to flood return periods

On the role of the runoff coefficient in the mapping of rainfall to flood return periods

Flood Frequency Analysis for the Annual Peak Flows Simulated by an Event-Based Rainfall-Runoff Model in an Urban Drainage Basin

The applicability of two single event models to catchments with different physical characteristics

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