A Longitudinal Population-Based Study of Factors in Adolescence Predicting Homelessness in Young Adulthood

Bree, Marianne Bernadette van den; Shelton, Katherine Helen; Bonner, Adrian; Moss, Sebastian; Thomas, Hollie Victoria; Taylor, Pamela J.

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.03.027

Cited by 99 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Implications for research and practice Just as studies have found exposure to violence to be an important factor that leads to homelessness (48) , violence exposure may be a significant factor in experiences of hunger. Few quantitative studies have suggested that exposure to violence may be associated with very low food security.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Very low food security in the USA is linked with exposure to violence

Chilton

Rabinowich

Woolf

2013

Public Health Nutr.

105

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Objective: To investigate characteristics of exposure to violence in relation to food security status among female-headed households. Design: Ongoing mixed-method participatory action study. Questions addressed food insecurity, public assistance, and maternal and child health. Grounded theory analysis of qualitative themes related to violence was performed. These themes were then categorized by food security status. Setting: Homes of low-income families in Philadelphia, PA, USA. Subjects: Forty-four mothers of children under 3 years of age participating in public assistance programmes. Results: Forty women described exposure to violence ranging from fear of violence to personal experiences with rape. Exposure to violence affected mental health, ability to continue school and obtain work with living wages, and subsequently the ability to afford food. Exposure to violence during childhood and being a perpetrator of violence were both linked to very low food security status and depressive symptoms. Ten of seventeen (59 %) participants reporting very low food security described life-changing violence, compared with three of fifteen (20 %) participants reporting low food security and four of twelve (33 %) reporting food security. Examples of violent experiences among the very low food secure group included exposure to child abuse, neglect and rape that suggest exposure to violence is an important factor in the experience of very low food security. Conclusions: Descriptions of childhood trauma and life-changing violence are linked with severe food security. Policy makers and clinicians should incorporate violence prevention efforts when addressing hunger.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Very low food security in the USA is linked with exposure to violence

Chilton

Rabinowich

Woolf

2013

Public Health Nutr.

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Children and youth who are homeless are highly vulnerable (Thompson et al, 2010;Grant et al, 2013), and many have been victimized either prior to (Crawford, Whitbeck, & Hoyt, 2011;Kennedy, La Fa Agbenyiga, Kasiborski, & Gladden, 2010;van den Bree et al, 2009), or after becoming, homeless (Aratani, 2009;Whitbeck et al, 2001). In one community sample of homeless and runaway youth, almost half reported being physically abused, and nearly a third reported sexual abuse (Tyler & Cauce, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Homelessness and Child Maltreatment on the Likelihood of Engaging in Property and Violent Crime During Adulthood

Cronley

Jeong

Davis

et al. 2015

Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment

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N = 10,818; 56% female; 21% African American) to test how experiencing homelessness through emerging adulthood and child maltreatment predict adult property crime and violent crime. Unlike many published studies on homelessness, we used propensity score matching to correct for selection bias between homeless and nonhomeless individuals. Logistic regression models were run to predict violent and property crime in adulthood, controlling for child maltreatment. Participants who experienced homelessness by age 26 were 1.6 times more likely to commit violent crime in adulthood and almost 30% more likely to commit property crime. Those who were victims of child maltreatment were 15 times more likely to commit property crime, but no more likely to commit violent crime. Findings show that comparing statistically equivalent groups, homelessness through emerging adulthood significantly predicted adult criminality while child maltreatment showed more variable results. Greater prevention efforts aimed at children and adolescents at high risk of experiencing homelessness, as well as more intensive outreach services to homeless youth, may moderate exposure and reduce reliance on criminal survival behaviors.

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“…An estimated 4.6 to 7.6% of adolescents and young adults experience homelessness in the United States, and over 75,000 youth experience homelessness in the United Kingdom annually (Ringwalt, Greene, Roberston, & McPheeters, 1998; Shelton, Taylor, Bonner, & van den Bree, 2009; van den Bree et al, 2009). These youth represent a vulnerable and understudied population.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal predictors of homelessness: findings from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-97

Sznajder-Murray

Jang

Slesnick

et al. 2015

Journal of Youth Studies

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Homeless youth represent a vulnerable and understudied population. Little research has prospectively identified factors that may place youth at risk for experiencing homelessness. The current study utilizes data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-97 (NLSY-97) to examine predictors of experiencing homelessness as a young adult (before age 25). The NLSY-97 includes a nationally representative sample of 8,984 youth. Data were first collected from these youth when they were between the ages of 12 to 18 years. The current study examined whether individual and family risk factors reported during adolescence predict homelessness by the age of 25. The findings showed that multiple runaway episodes, non-traditional family structure, lower educational attainment, and parental work limitations due to health increased the risk of homelessness. A permissive parenting style and being Hispanic protected against homelessness. This study offers unique insight into risk and protective factors for youth homelessness, and has important clinical implications.

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A Longitudinal Population-Based Study of Factors in Adolescence Predicting Homelessness in Young Adulthood

Cited by 99 publications

References 42 publications

Very low food security in the USA is linked with exposure to violence

Very low food security in the USA is linked with exposure to violence

Effects of Homelessness and Child Maltreatment on the Likelihood of Engaging in Property and Violent Crime During Adulthood

Longitudinal predictors of homelessness: findings from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-97

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