A longitudinal study of cognitive trajectories and its factors for Koreans aged 60 and over: A latent growth mixture model

Min, Jong Won

doi:10.1002/gps.4855

Cited by 44 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Consistent with previous studies in Sweden 9 and Koreans, 8 we identified two heterogeneous groups of older adults: one group with stable cognitive function and the other group with rapid declining cognitive function over time. Muniz‐Terrea's 24 study in UK identified three distinct groups among older adults in the Cambridge City: 41% were classified into a slow decline group, 54% were classified into an accelerating decline group, and 5% were classified into a steep constant decline group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Muniz‐Terrea's 24 study in UK identified three distinct groups among older adults in the Cambridge City: 41% were classified into a slow decline group, 54% were classified into an accelerating decline group, and 5% were classified into a steep constant decline group. Different from our study and Min's study in Korea, 8 half of the participants in Muniz‐Terrea's study were classified into moderate cognitively impaired group. One of the potential reasons for this difference is that Muniz‐Terrea's study did not exclude those with cognitive impairment at baseline.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…Average‐level techniques are the most commonly used methods to test the change in cognitive function and identify predictors for decline. Historically, the main outcome measure has been the average trajectory of change among all subjects, but previous research found that instead of one pattern of cognitive change, there may be subpopulations with different trajectories or heterogeneity of cognitive change over time 8‐10 . In addition, predictor variables for different subpopulations might be different.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Heterogeneity in the dynamic change of cognitive function among older Chinese people: A growth mixture model

Qiu

Zeng

Kuang

et al. 2020

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives Our aim is to distinguish different trajectories of cognitive change in Chinese geriatric population and identify risk factors for cognitive decline in each subpopulation. Methods We obtained data from five waves (2002, 2005, 2008, 2011, 2014) of the Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey, using the Chinese Mini‐Mental State Examination (C‐MMSE) as a proxy for cognitive function. We applied growth mixture modeling (GMM) to identify heterogeneous subpopulations and potential risk factors. Results Our sample included 3859 older adults, 1387 (48.7%) male and 1974 (51.2%) female with age range of 62 to 108 (average of 74.5) at initial survey. Using GMM and best fit statistics, we identified two distinct subgroups in respect to their longitudinal cognitive function: (a) cognitively stable (87.8%) group with 0.49 C‐MMSE points decline per 3 years, and (b) cognitively declining (12.2%) group with 6.03 C‐MMSE points decline per 3 years. Of note, cognitive activities were protective, and hearing and visual impairments were risk factors in both groups. Diabetes, hypertension, stroke and cardiovascular disease were associated with cognitive decline in the cognitively declining group. Physical activities, and intake of fresh vegetables, fruits, and fish products were protective in the cognitively stable group. Conclusions Using GMM, we identified heterogeneity in trajectories of cognitive change in older Chinese people. Moreover, we found risk factors specific to each subgroup, which should be considered in future studies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Heterogeneity in the dynamic change of cognitive function among older Chinese people: A growth mixture model

Qiu

Zeng

Kuang

et al. 2020

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The majority of previous studies using trajectories of cognitive performance have investigated non-Hispanic white (NHW) populations [ 1 – 4 , 6 – 11 , 15 , 18 , 19 , 22 , 23 ] and have relied on the Mini-Mental Examination (MMSE) as the measure of cognitive performance [ 17 , 20 , 21 ]. Although MMSE is one of the most widely used cognitive screening tests in clinical and epidemiological research, it is limited by sensitivity to practice effects, large ceiling and floor effects [ 27 , 28 ] and insufficient assessment of specific cognitive domains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the most pronounced and consistent cognitive deficits in preclinical Alzheimer's disease are seen for tasks assessing episodic memory [ 29 , 30 ]. However, estimation of cognitive trajectories using memory as an outcome measure in non-White or admixed populations has been limited [ 16 , 17 , 20 , 21 ], and the largest study to date consists of 1,336 Mexican American adults 75 years of age and older [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Episodic memory performance in a multi-ethnic longitudinal study of 13,037 elderly

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Age-related changes in memory are not uniform, even in the absence of dementia. Characterization of non-disease associated cognitive changes is crucial to gain a more complete understanding of brain aging. Episodic memory was investigated in 13,037 ethnically diverse elderly (ages 72 to 85 years) with two to 15 years of follow-up, and with known dementia status, age, sex, education, and APOE genotypes. Adjusted trajectories of episodic memory performance over time were estimated using Latent Class Mixed Models. Analysis was conducted using two samples at baseline evaluation: i) non-cognitively impaired individuals, and ii) all individuals regardless of dementia status. We calculated the age-specific annual incidence rates of dementia in the non-demented elderly (n = 10,220). Two major episodic memory trajectories were estimated: 1) Stable—consisting of individuals exhibiting a constant or improved memory function, and 2) Decliner—consisting of individuals whose memory function declined. The majority of the study participants maintain their memory performance over time. Compared to those with Stable trajectory, individuals characterized as Decliners were more likely to have non-white ethnic background, fewer years of education, a higher frequency of ε4 allele at APOE gene and five times more likely to develop dementia. The steepest decline in episodic memory was observed in Caribbean-Hispanics compared to non-Hispanic whites (p = 4.3 x 10−15). The highest incident rates of dementia were observed in the oldest age group, among those of Caribbean-Hispanics ancestry and among Decliners who exhibited rates five times higher than those with Stable trajectories (11 per 100 person-years versus 3 per 100 person-years. Age, education, ethnic background and APOE genotype influence the maintenance of episodic memory. Declining memory is one of the strongest predictors of incident dementia.

show abstract

Sex differences in cognitive function trajectories and their determinants in older adults: Evidence from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey

Tu,

Lv,

Yuan

et al. 2024

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesTo examine sex differences in the cognitive trajectories of a nationally representative sample of older people living in China and to explore potential determinants of these trajectories.MethodsThe study included 2230 women and 2171 men who were cognitively healthy and aged over 60 at the first observation from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey based on the 2008–2018 cohort. Cognitive function was measured using the Chinese version of the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE). Group‐based trajectory modeling was used to identify potential heterogeneity of longitudinal changes over the 10 years in each gender. Logistic regression was used to investigate associations between baseline characteristics (age, education, fertility history, sleep length, physical activity, and health status and behaviors) and trajectory classes.ResultsThree trajectories (labeled stable, slow decline, and rapid decline) were identified according to the changes in MMSE scores for both women and men. For the women, both the slow and rapid decline groups accounted for a larger proportion (14.7% and 11.0%, respectively) than the male decline groups (8.1% and 6.6%, respectively), and the women had a lower baseline MMSE score with a faster decline. In the multivariable logistic regression analyses, older age, less education, older age at first birth, poorer functional abilities, hearing impairment, and lower baseline MMSE scores were significantly associated with cognitive decline in both the female and male groups compared to the stable group. For the women, sleeping over 9 h was also associated with a rapid cognitive decline trajectory, while current exercise and being overweight/obese were protective factors against cognitive decline.ConclusionsThe women had an overall more serious cognitive decline than men. The potential determinants of cognitive decline identified in this study could be considered for developing specific intervention strategies aimed at promoting a healthy brain and preventing cognitive decline in different sexes, especially in low‐income and developing countries.

show abstract

A longitudinal study of cognitive trajectories and its factors for Koreans aged 60 and over: A latent growth mixture model

Cited by 44 publications

References 33 publications

Heterogeneity in the dynamic change of cognitive function among older Chinese people: A growth mixture model

Heterogeneity in the dynamic change of cognitive function among older Chinese people: A growth mixture model

Episodic memory performance in a multi-ethnic longitudinal study of 13,037 elderly

Sex differences in cognitive function trajectories and their determinants in older adults: Evidence from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About