A longitudinal study of working hours and chronic kidney disease in healthy workers: The Kangbuk Samsung Health Study

Abstract

Objectives Long working hours are linked to an increased risk of exposure to work safety hazards that threaten the health of workers. To date, only a few cross‐sectional studies regarding the relationship between working characteristics, such as over‐workload and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been reported. Therefore, in this longitudinal study, we aimed to examine the direct relationship between long working hours and the incidence of CKD. Methods We included 97 856 participants without CKD in the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study. Using a self‐report questionnaire, we evaluated weekly working hours, which were categorized into 35‐40, 41‐52, and >52 hours. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 . Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident CKD were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression analyses with weekly working 35‐40 hours as the reference. Results During a median follow‐up of 4.0 years, 185 participants developed incident CKD (incidence density, 4.83 per 10 4 person‐years). Multivariable‐adjusted HRs (95% CI) of incident CKD for weekly working >52 hours compared with working 35‐40 hours were 1.99 (1.22‐3.25). In subgroup analyses, the significant association between working >52 hours and incident CKD was consistently observed in groups of age ≥40 years, men, and obesity with no interaction. Conclusions Our large‐scale cohort study of young‐ to middle‐aged men and women demonstrated a significant association between long working hours and an increased risk of incident CKD.

The association between shift work and the incidence of reflux esophagitis in Korea: a cohort study

“…The Institutional Review Board of Kangbuk Samsung Hospital approved this study (approval number: KBSMC 2022-03-011) and waived the requirement for informed consent because we only used de-identified data obtained as part of routine health screening examinations 13 , 16 . All methods of the study were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations including Declaration of Helsinki.…”

“…Smoking status was categorized as never smoked, former smoker, or current smoker 15 . Regular exercise refers to exercising three or more times per week 16 . Education level was divided into non-collegiate education and a college graduate 16 .…”

“…Regular exercise refers to exercising three or more times per week 16 . Education level was divided into non-collegiate education and a college graduate 16 .…”

Lifestyle Modifications and Nutritional and Therapeutic Interventions in Delaying the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review

“…A cohort study found a significant association between long working hours (>52 hours) and the incidence of CKD. However, further efforts are needed to study the underlying mechanism of this association [30]. Almost 50% of CKD patients have insomnia or impaired sleep quality [31].…”

CrossTalk proposal: Insufficient sleep is responsible for increased risk of metabolic disease in shift workers

“…2018), kidney (Lee et al . 2021) and cardiovascular disease (Torquati et al . 2018), as well as hypertension (Makarem et al 2021), compared to people who work day shifts.…”