“A lot of us have a very difficult time reconciling what being Muslim is”: A phenomenological study on the meaning of being Muslim American.

Wang, Sherry; Raja, Aysha H; Azhar, Sabreen

doi:10.1037/cdp0000297

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For example, those who identified as Muslim felt particular pressure as spokespeople for a religion that spans multiple countries and cultures. This mirrors the findings of Wang et al (2019), who found that Muslim Americans struggle to balance their desire for individuality within the group, while still presenting a united front. Black/African American participants felt responsible for educating their classmates about healthcare disparities that impact their communities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Regarding religious identity, Muslim students face the challenge of establishing their individuality within a religion that spans multiple continents and cultures, while simultaneously feeling compelled to appear as a homogeneous group (Wang, Raja, & Azhar, 2019).…”

Section: Diversity Of the Genetic Counseling Professionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, Walls and Hall (2018) found Black/African American undergraduates at a predominantly White college felt pressured to provide the ‘Black perspective’ to classmates when issues of race were raised. Regarding religious identity, Muslim students face the challenge of establishing their individuality within a religion that spans multiple continents and cultures, while simultaneously feeling compelled to appear as a homogeneous group (Wang, Raja, & Azhar, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conscripted curriculum: The experiences of minority genetic counseling students

Carmichael

Redlinger‐Grosse

Birnbaum

2020

Journal of Genetic Counseling

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While the lack of racial and ethnic diversity in the genetic counseling profession has been discussed for decades, little attention has been paid to the training experiences of under‐represented minorities. Under‐represented minority graduate students in other disciplines have been reported to experience microaggressions and feelings of isolation during training, and they are often informally enlisted to educate classmates about issues related to race. In 2019, sociologist Lauren Olsen coined the term conscripted curriculum to describe the utilization of minority medical students to elucidate issues of race or ethnicity for their classmates. The conscripted curriculum arises when these topics are taught in a small‐group discussion format that relies on students sharing their individual experiences to educate their classmates. In classrooms with limited diversity, the expectation to contribute falls disproportionately on students from non‐majority groups. In this qualitative study, we conducted videoconference focus groups with 32 recent graduates of genetic counseling training programs who identified as racial or ethnic minorities. We present the results of two thematic categories that emerged from that study: the participants' perspectives on the cultural competency curriculum in their training programs and the participants' feelings of being pressed into service as spokespeople for their cultural groups. Participants described the cultural competency training as occurring primarily in a small‐group discussion format in which students were expected to share their personal experiences. During these discussions, minority students, especially those in less‐diverse class cohorts, felt obliged to contribute their perspectives in order to educate non‐minority classmates about issues of race and ethnicity, leading to feelings of frustration and exhaustion. The results reflect a conscripted curriculum as described by Olsen (2019). Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 60(1), 55–68, in which minority students bear the burden of educating their classmates about the social basis of race. Genetic counseling training programs should critically examine their cultural competency curriculum to create a more equitable training environment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Diversity Of the Genetic Counseling Professionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conscripted curriculum: The experiences of minority genetic counseling students

Carmichael

Redlinger‐Grosse

Birnbaum

2020

Journal of Genetic Counseling

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“…There is only one mosque in the region, and some participants spoke about the challenge of building relationships even within the Muslim community attributable to differences in language preferences. Other participants experienced themselves as minorities within this community (e.g., ethnically Kurdish) or spoke of the challenges of being perceived by non-Muslims as a singular group, similar to findings reported by Wang, Raja, and Azhar (2020).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

Building community: Connecting refugee and Canadian families.

Costigan¹,

Taknint²,

Mudryk³

et al. 2022

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

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Objectives: This article reports on an investigation of factors that promote or impede the development of social cohesion in communities receiving refugee newcomers largely of Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) backgrounds. This community-based research was completed in collaboration with a community partner—a settlement agency dedicated to supporting people with immigrant and refugee backgrounds. Method: Interviews were conducted with refugee newcomers, professionals working with refugee populations, individuals involved in private sponsorship of refugees, and long-term community residents. Results: Results focus on the essential relational and contextual issues to consider when designing a program to build social connections. Together, the findings suggest the value of trying to replicate how relationships form organically, the need to collaborate across systems, and the importance of addressing societal narratives about how newcomers are perceived. Conclusions: Recommendations regarding the process of creating a community program are offered. These findings will be shared with a range of stakeholders to cocreate and implement a new program for enhancing social cohesion in our community.

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“…Bolstering this conceptualization is the fact the racialization process has extended to non-Muslims that people think are Muslim (e.g., Sikhs, South Asians of other religious, Christian Arabs) creating a "Muslim-like" identity group that has been racialized as Muslims (Meeussen et al, 2013;Abdulrahim, James, Yamout, & Baker, 2012). And, indeed, the context of Islamophobia has been connected to individuals conceptualizing their own identity as Muslim (Wang, Raja, & Azhar, 2019) and working towards combating racism and prejudice (Cesari, 2014;Garner & Selod, 2015;Selod, 2015;Meer, 2019).…”

Section: Racialization Islamophobia and Discriminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination, Life Stress, and Mental Health among Muslims: A Preregistered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Kathawalla¹,

Syed²

2019

Preprint

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Stage 1 Registered Report: How is the current context of Islamophobia, anti-Muslim prejudice, and discrimination, associated with Muslim mental health in Western countries? A body of evidence suggests that experiences of discrimination and racism are associated with negative mental health outcomes for marginalized, minority populations (e.g., Paradies et al., 2015). Studies specifically with Muslim populations in Western countries have found mostly similar findings of an association between discrimination and negative mental health outcomes (Samari, Alcalá, & Sharif, 2018). The varied results in the literature calls for using statistical rigor and synthesis to provide clarity of the etiology of psychopathology in the Muslim community. In this study, we plan to conduct meta-analyses of the associations of both perceived discrimination and mental health and life stressors and mental health for Muslims living in Western countries. We aim to contribute to the literature on the experiences of Muslims and to the debate on the contribution of discrimination vs. life stressors on the development of mental health using meta-analytic methods. For added specificity, we examine both perceived individual discrimination and group discrimination and positive and negative mental health outcomes. We also plan to examine various study-related (e.g., publication bias), demographic, and identity-related moderators in these associations. In the current sociopolitical climate, this study is an important step to better serve the needs of the growing global Muslim community.

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“A lot of us have a very difficult time reconciling what being Muslim is”: A phenomenological study on the meaning of being Muslim American.

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

Conscripted curriculum: The experiences of minority genetic counseling students

Conscripted curriculum: The experiences of minority genetic counseling students

Building community: Connecting refugee and Canadian families.

Discrimination, Life Stress, and Mental Health among Muslims: A Preregistered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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