A low-carbon high inulin diet improves intestinal mucosal barrier function and immunity against infectious diseases in goats

Chen, Yuan; Wang, Shuiping; Gebeyew, Kefyalew; Yang, Xin; Tang, Shaoxun; Zhou, Chunfang; Khan, Nazir Ahmad; Tan, Zhiliang; Liu, Yong

doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.1098651

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Our results showed that the NaPr group significantly reduced the concentration of IL-6 compared to the Ctrl group, suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory effect of propionate in the ileum in ruminants [51]. On the other hand, the NaAc group was associated with an increased IL-10 concentration, indicating a potential role in modulating the anti-inflammatory response in goats [52]. Our findings were aligned with previous studies that demonstrated the anti-inflammatory properties of specific VFAs in various gut compartments [53][54][55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Effects of Exogenous Oral Infusion of Volatile Fatty Acids on Ileal Microbiome Profiling and Epithelial Health in Goats

Zhen,

Zhang,

Lin

et al. 2023

Fermentation

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The role of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in ruminal fermentation is well studied, but their effects on the ileal microbiome and epithelial health remain less explored. In this study, we investigated the impact of the exogenous oral infusion of three VFAs, sodium acetate (NaAc), propionate (NaPr), and butyrate (NaBu), on the VFA concentrations in ileal contents, as well as ileal microbiome profiling and epithelial health parameters (inflammatory cytokine and tight junctions) in goats. The data demonstrated that the oral infusion of three VFAs can enhance VFA production by increasing the proportions of each individual VFA and the total VFAs. Then, the microbiome revealed distinct microbial succession patterns and altered microbial diversities in response to the oral infusion of VFA treatments. Moreover, the oral infusion of each VFA had unique effects on the ileal bacterial community, with potential implications for epithelial health. Notably, the oral infusion of VFAs demonstrated potential anti-inflammatory effects, as evidenced by reduced IL-6 levels in the NaPr group and increased IL-10 levels in the NaAc group. Notably, the oral infusion of VFAs did not directly impact the tight junction concentrations, such as Claudin1, Occludin, and ZO-1. Lastly, the correlation analyses identified specific relationships between the ileal bacteria and epithelial health parameters, and Prevotella was positively correlated with IL-6 and IL-1β, while Bifidobacterium was positively correlated with IL-10. These results highlighted the crosstalk between VFAs, the ileal microbiome, and the health of the small intestine. Our findings had significant implications for optimizing ruminant nutrition, enhancing epithelial health, and promoting sustainable livestock production practices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Effects of Exogenous Oral Infusion of Volatile Fatty Acids on Ileal Microbiome Profiling and Epithelial Health in Goats

Zhen,

Zhang,

Lin

et al. 2023

Fermentation

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“…As the largest immune organ of the body, the intestinal immune system (also known as the mucosal immune system) is composed mainly of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), lamina propria-lymphocytes, intraepithelial lymphocytes, and the Peyer’s patch. An inulin-rich diet has been reported to improve the function of the intestinal barrier and modulate the immune system ( 9 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory effects of inulin and its intestinal metabolites

Sheng

Zhang

2023

Front. Immunol.

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“Dietary fiber” (DF) refers to a type of carbohydrate that cannot be digested fully. DF is not an essential nutrient, but it plays an important part in enhancing digestive capacity and maintaining intestinal health. Therefore, DF supplementation in the daily diet is highly recommended. Inulin is a soluble DF, and commonly added to foods. Recently, several studies have found that dietary supplementation of inulin can improve metabolic function and regulate intestinal immunity. Inulin is fermented in the colon by the gut microbiota and a series of metabolites is generated. Among these metabolites, short-chain fatty acids provide energy to intestinal epithelial cells and participate in regulating the differentiation of immune cells. Inulin and its intestinal metabolites contribute to host immunity. This review summarizes the effect of inulin and its metabolites on intestinal immunity, and the underlying mechanisms of inulin in preventing diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic kidney disease, and certain cancer types.

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“…As a dietary ber, inulin has many biological functions, such as boosting immunity, improving growth performance, and enhancing gut digestion and absorption in animals [12]. Previous studies have shown that inulin can improve goat growth performance, increase daily weight gain, and regulate metabolic function [13]. In addition, inulin can also modulate gut microbial composition, notably promoting the proliferation of Lactobacillus and Bi dobacterium [14], and generate large amounts of SCFAs [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary inulin supplementation promote hepatic gluconeogenesis in goats

Zhu,

Hu,

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Gluconeogenesis serves as the primary mechanism for ruminants acquire glucose. Enhancing gluconeogenesis can elevate the efficiency of glucose absorption in ruminants, subsequently boosting their growth and production capacity. In the context of ruminants, propionic acid stands out as a crucial substrate for gluconeogenesis. Increasing its production is therefore crucial for boosting gluconeogenesis. Inulin, a natural plant-derived polysaccharide, boasts capabilities such as fostering a healthier gut microbiota and modulating metabolism. Yet, limited research has been conducted on inulin's impact within the ruminant rumen ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether dietary inulin supplementation affects rumen microbiota, rumen fermentation parameters, and hepatic gluconeogenesis in goats. In this study, 18 goats were randomly assigned to two groups: the control group and the inulin group, with 9 goats in each group. In the inulin group, 18.9% inulin was added instead of normal corn. Serum insulin concentration in the inulin group decreased . Increased activity of gluconeogenic rate limiting enzymes (PEPCK, G6Pase) and expression of FoxO1 in the liver. The mRNA expression levels of PAT1, DRA, MCT1, AE2 in rumen epithelium were increased. Meanwhile, inulin increased the concentration of total VFA and the proportion of propionic acid in ruminal fluid.In addition, inulin supplementation increased the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria (Lachnospiracea, Blautia, Prevellela-1, Pseudobotyrivibrio). Our findings suggest that inulin facilitates gluconeogenesis by amplifying the production of gluconeogenic substrates and curtailing insulin secretion.

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A low-carbon high inulin diet improves intestinal mucosal barrier function and immunity against infectious diseases in goats

Cited by 8 publications

References 52 publications

Effects of Exogenous Oral Infusion of Volatile Fatty Acids on Ileal Microbiome Profiling and Epithelial Health in Goats

Effects of Exogenous Oral Infusion of Volatile Fatty Acids on Ileal Microbiome Profiling and Epithelial Health in Goats

Immunomodulatory effects of inulin and its intestinal metabolites

Dietary inulin supplementation promote hepatic gluconeogenesis in goats

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