A low-environmental-impact approach for novel bio-composites based on PLLA/PCL blends and high surface area graphite

Forouharshad, Mahdi; Gardella, Lorenza; Furfaro, Davide; Galimberti, Maurizio; Monticelli, Orietta

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.06.016

Cited by 42 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…On the other hand, the addition of small amounts (0.05 and 0.1 wt %) of G and GO dramatically decreases the modulus and tensile strength compared to the unfilled PLA/PCL blend, this behavior suggest the presence of nanovoids within the polymer matrices. However, similar measured tensile strength values, particularly for lower loading of G‐ and GO‐filled blend composites, have been reported by Forouharshad et al …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With this rationale in mind, in this study we have found interesting properties in G‐ and GO‐filled blend composites regime, which have not been reported before. Few studies have been carried out for PLA/PCL/G composites with a different range of PLA/PCL ratio to the chosen ratio, but no comparative studies at very low loading of G and GO as fillers has come to the attention of the authors to date. The compatibilization efficiency and hence reinforcement of very low loadings of G and GO on the morphology, thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties as well as the crystallization behavior of the neat PLA/PCL blend were extensively studied, compared, and discussed in the context of the available literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties of graphite‐ and graphene oxide‐filled biodegradable polylactide/poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) blend composites

Botlhoko

Ramontja

Ray

2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The effect of graphite (G) and graphene oxide (GO) dispersions on the thermal, mechanical, rheological properties of biodegradable polylactide (PLA)/poly(E-caprolactone) (PCL) blend composites has been comparatively investigated. Surface morphology analysis indicates that the degree of morphological stability depends on not only the loading of the filler but also enthalpic interaction between the filler surface and the polymer blend. A significant improvement in the elongation at break (43.8%), with well-balance of modulus and strength characteristics, is observed for the G-filled (0.25 wt %) blend composite, whereas the GO-filled (0.05 wt %) ternary composite shows a strong (19 8C) improvement in the thermal stability. Furthermore, the dynamic modulus of the blends increased after composite formation; however, the degree of improvement is greater for the G-filled blend composites. On the basis of the obtained results, we propose a general description of how the morphology and structure of the blend composites are related to the final properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties of graphite‐ and graphene oxide‐filled biodegradable polylactide/poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) blend composites

Botlhoko

Ramontja

Ray

2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The toughness of PLA/PCL blends was not determined in this paper. Forouharshad et al (2015) studied the effect of the addition of high surface area graphite (HSAG) on the morphology and the properties of PLA/PCL. They found a decrease in the PCL particle size and a rather small increase in elongation at break of the blends as a consequence of the addition of HSAG.…”

Section: Compatibilization Of Pla/pcl Blends By Means Of Nanofillersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Structure, Compatibility, and Toughness of PLA/PCL Blends: A Review

et al. 2019

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Results of the studies dealing with the toughness of polylactic acid/polycaprolactone (PLA/PCL) blends are analyzed with respect to the PCL particle size, PLA matrix crystallinity, and presence of a compatibilizer. It is shown that a high toughness or even "super-toughness" of PLA/PCL blends without a compatibilizer can be achieved for blends with the proper size of PCL particles. Nevertheless, the window for obtaining the super-tough PLA/PCL blends is quite narrow, as the final impact strength is very sensitive to multiple parameters: namely the blend composition, PLA matrix crystallinity, and PCL particle size. Available literature data suggest that the optimal composition for PLA/PCL blends is around 80/20 (w/w). The PLA/PCL(80/20) blends keep high stiffness of PLA matrix and the concentration of PCL particles is sufficient to achieve high toughness. The PLA/PCL(80/20) blends with low-crystallinity PLA matrix (below ca 10%) exhibit the highest toughness for bigger PCL particles (weight average diameter above 1 µm), while the blends with high-crystallinity PLA matrix (above ca 30%) exhibit the highest toughness for smaller PCL particles (weight average diameter below 0.5 µm). The addition of a compatibilizer may improve the toughness only on condition that it helps to achieve a suitable particle size. The toughness of both non-compatibilized and compatibilized PLA/PCL blends with optimized morphology can be more than 15 times higher in comparison with neat PLA.

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“…To overcome this fragility, different strategies have been proposed. One interesting solution is blending PLA with flexible polymers such as thermoplastic starch -TPS, poly(ε-caprolactone) -PCL, poly(butylene succinate -co -adipate) -PBSA, or others, with a remarked increase in toughness and other ductile properties [18][19][20][21][22]. Although physical blending is a costeffective solution to overcome this drawback, the lack of miscibility between the components restricts the improvement on toughness.…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PLA films with improved flexibility properties by using maleinized cottonseed oil

Carbonell‐Verdu

Garcia‐Garcia

Dominici

et al. 2017

European Polymer Journal

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This work assesses the potential of maleinized cottonseed oil-MCSO as plasticizer in poly(lactic acid)-PLA films with improved ductile behaviour. The effects of MCSO are compared with commercially available maleinized oil, i.e. maleinized linseed oil-MLO in terms of mechanical, thermal and barrier properties, as well as morphology changes. Plasticized PLA formulations were obtained with a maleinized oil content in the 0-10 wt% range. Addition of both maleinized vegetable oils leads to a slight decrease in the glass transition temperature (Tg) of neat PLA from 63 ºC to 60-61 ºC. Nevertheless, MCSO provides better overall properties. Addition of 7.5 wt% MCSO increases the elongation at break by 292%. Regarding the barrier properties, both maleinized vegetable oils increase the oxygen transmission rate-OTR. Nevertheless, this increase is less pronounced in the case of MCSO thus indicating its higher efficiency compared to MLO. On the other hand, addition of both maleinized vegetable oils do not compromise the overall disintegration of the obtained PLA formulations, thus positioning these additives as environmentally friendly solutions to increase ductile properties in PLA-based films.

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A low-environmental-impact approach for novel bio-composites based on PLLA/PCL blends and high surface area graphite

Cited by 42 publications

References 32 publications

Thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties of graphite‐ and graphene oxide‐filled biodegradable polylactide/poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) blend composites

Thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties of graphite‐ and graphene oxide‐filled biodegradable polylactide/poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) blend composites

Phase Structure, Compatibility, and Toughness of PLA/PCL Blends: A Review

PLA films with improved flexibility properties by using maleinized cottonseed oil

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