A low-loss SiN photonic integrated circuit foundry platform for waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Tyndall, Nathan F.; Stievater, Todd H.; Kozak, Dmitry A.; Pruessner, Marcel W.; Rabinovich, William S.; Fahrenkopf, Nicholas M.; Antohe, Alin; McComber, Kevin A.

doi:10.1117/12.2582529

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Inserting the values of N 10 , N 9 , N enc and η in to Eq. 22 one can estimate that N enc 10 −6 ≈ 3.1×10 6 and N enc 10 −6 ≈ 1.9 × 10 6 . Similarly, to attain p L ∼ 10 −15 one needs d ≈ 14 (12).…”

Section: Results On Resource Overheadmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, one major shortcoming that besets linear optical quantum computing is the fact that a direct Bell-state measurement (BSM), which is an entangling operation used to form a larger entangled state from smaller ones, is not deterministic [2,5]. Adding to the shortcoming, photon loss is ubiquitous in all optical platforms and specifically in integrated optics [6], which not only causes optical qubit states to leak out of the computational basis but also introduces dephasing or depolarizing noise into qubits, gate operations and readouts (measurements). To overcome indeterminism of BSM and quantum noise, we need faulttolerant architectures that employ quantum error correction (QEC) [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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All-photonic architectural roadmap for scalable quantum computing using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states

Omkar,

Lee,

Teo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Linear optical quantum computing is beset by the lack of deterministic entangling operations besides photon loss. Motivated by advancements at the experimental front in deterministic generation of various kinds of multiphoton entangled states, we propose an architecture for linear-optical quantum computing that harnesses the availability of three-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states. Our architecture and its subvariants use polarized photons in GHZ states, polarization beam splitters, delay lines, optical switches and on-off detectors. We concatenate topological quantum error correction code with three-qubit repetition codes and estimate that our architecture can tolerate remarkably high photon-loss rate of 11.5%; this makes a drastic change that is at least an order higher than those of known proposals. Further, considering three-photon GHZ states as resources, we estimate the resource overheads to perform gate operations with an accuracy of 10 −6 (10 −15 ) to be 2.0 × 10 6 (5.6 × 10 7 ). Compared to other all-photonic schemes, our architecture is also resource-efficient. In addition, the resource overhead can be even further improved if larger GHZ states are available. Given its striking enhancement in the photon loss threshold and the recent progress in generating multiphoton entanglement, our scheme will make scalable photonic quantum computing a step closer to reality.

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Section: Results On Resource Overheadmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-photonic architectural roadmap for scalable quantum computing using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states

Omkar,

Lee,

Teo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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show abstract

“…For instance, quantum optics often operates with visible wavelengths aligned to the emission lines of single photon sources, whereas spectroscopic sensing routinely goes to the mid-IR to capture the vibrational fingerprints of chemical molecules . The industry has taken note of the urge to implement such functionalities, as can be seen in the recent addition of a SiN-based process development kit targeted near-IR and visible wavelengths advanced by AIM Photonics …”

Section: Packaging Considerations For Emerging Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…137 The industry has taken note of the urge to implement such functionalities, as can be seen in the recent addition of a SiN-based process development kit targeted near-IR and visible wavelengths advanced by AIM Photonics. 138 A cohort of packaging techniques have already been adapted to the visible, for example, on the SiN-based TriPlex platform. 139−141 Fiber-optic connections to PICs are established using methods similar to those employed for near-IR bands, 142 albeit with tighter alignment tolerances due to the wavelength scaling.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Photonics Packaging: Challenges and Opportunities

et al. 2022

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Packaging of photonic integrated circuit (PIC) chips is an essential and critical step before they can be integrated into functional optoelectronic systems. Photonic packaging is however often a major barrier impeding scalable deployment of PIC technologies given its high cost and limited throughput. This perspective addresses the technical challenges and discusses promising strategies and research directions to overcome the "packaging bottleneck".

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“…Waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (WERS) 1,2 has been used to demonstrate the detection of vaporphase chemicals such as organophosphonates 3,4 and liquid-phase targets such as biomarkers in water. [5][6][7] Recent advances have included the use of 300-mm photonic integrated circuit (PIC) foundries for fabrication and assembly 8 (AIM Photonics), the use of handheld spectrometers, 9 the design and verification of on-chip Raman filters, 10 and the demonstration of low-loss fiber coupling to PIC edge coupling. 11 These demonstrations have typically used excitation wavelengths of 1064 nm or 785 nm with silicon nitride waveguides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using visible laser excitation

Tyndall

Emmons

Pruessner

et al. 2023

Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing XXIV

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Waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (WERS) using nanophotonic waveguides has been used to demonstrate the detection of vapor-phase chemicals and liquid-phase biomolecules in water. The technique benefits from the fabrication processes and tolerances of CMOS foundries, but successful foundry-based WERS photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have only been demonstrated using excitation wavelengths of 1064 nm and 785 nm. Foundrybased PICS are beginning to operate with low loss at visible wavelengths, and WERS is uniquely poised to take advantage of this capability. Raman scattering cross-sections scale as λ −4 , so a visible WERS platform could enable increased sensitivity, decreased exposure times, and/or decreased laser powers. However, increased fluorescence, increased waveguide loss, and decreased feature sizes make WERS in the visible challenging. Here, we demonstrate WERS using 300-mm foundry-based fabrication (AIM Photonics) with 633 nm and 785 nm laser excitation. We also show the successful operation and integration of other required components for a compact WERS system operating in the visible, including edge-couplers and lattice filters.

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A low-loss SiN photonic integrated circuit foundry platform for waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

All-photonic architectural roadmap for scalable quantum computing using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states

All-photonic architectural roadmap for scalable quantum computing using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states

Integrated Photonics Packaging: Challenges and Opportunities

Waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using visible laser excitation

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