A low silica, barium borate glass–ceramic for use as seals in planar SOFCs

Recent developments in the preparation, characterization and applications of glass- and glass–ceramic-to-metal seals and coatings

“…Table 3 continued Glass code Metals commonly employed as interconnects in fuel cell designs include various austenitic and ferritic stainless steels, for example, Fe20Cr and FeCrAlY alloys, in addition to Ni-based superalloys, as summarized in [59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74], together with some BaO-free silicate glasses [74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89]. Low-silica and silica-free borate-based compositions have also been reported [90][91][92][93]. Some composite systems have also been investigated; for example, MgO particle reinforced glass [76], boron nitride nanotube reinforced glass [94], yttriastabilized zirconia nano-and micrometre-sized particle reinforced glass [95], sodium and sodium-free silicate particle reinforced glass [96], silver reinforced glass [97] and a novel glass composite containing a TiNiHf shape memory alloy mesh [98].…”

Structural and thermophysical behaviour of barium zinc aluminoborosilicate glasses for potential application in SOFCs

“…Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are devices with great potential for the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy [1,2]. They typically operate at elevated temperatures of between 600 and 1000 o C [3,4,5] in oxidizing, reducing and humid environments [6], with required service lives of 5000 h in mobile applications [7] and 50000 to 75000 hours for stationary applications [7,8]. SOFCs may have a planar or a tubular structure [1,2,3,4,5,9] with planar SOFCs (pSOFCs) being preferred as they can generate higher current outputs, because the current paths are shorter [6,9]; they are also easier to manufacture.…”

“…They typically operate at elevated temperatures of between 600 and 1000 o C [3,4,5] in oxidizing, reducing and humid environments [6], with required service lives of 5000 h in mobile applications [7] and 50000 to 75000 hours for stationary applications [7,8]. SOFCs may have a planar or a tubular structure [1,2,3,4,5,9] with planar SOFCs (pSOFCs) being preferred as they can generate higher current outputs, because the current paths are shorter [6,9]; they are also easier to manufacture. However pSOFCs require hermetic sealing to function [4,5] and this hermetic sealing of the electrodes, electrolytes and metallic interconnects to prevent the fuel and oxidants mixing [10,11] remains a key challenge [12].…”

Y2O3–BaO–SiO2–B2O3–Al2O3 glass sealant for solid oxide fuel cells

“…To develop a suitable glass sealant for planar SOFCs, many studies have been carried out with the purpose of the applications of the glass or glass-ceramic-based materials like alkali silicate, alkaline-earth silicate, alkali borosilicate such as Pyrex,n aluminophosphate [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. However, each material has a few drawbacks known as high thermal mismatch, and poor long-term stability due to the active interface reaction with other SOFC components.…”