A low-temperature ammonia electrolyser for wastewater treatment and hydrogen production

Electrochemical Ammonia Oxidation Reaction over Mn/CeO2 (M = Pt, Ir; n = 3, 4) Catalysts

“…Among these, ammonia (NH 3 ) has garnered significant attraction as a flexible hydrogen carrier by virtue of well-established infrastructure and the potential for carbon-free energy conversion. − At the heart of this innovation lies the ammonia oxidation reaction, a pivotal catalytic process that holds the key to unlocking the energy stored within ammonia and enabling its use as a viable hydrogen carrier. Apart from hydrogen carrier applications, ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR) is also fundamentally important in the fields of chemical sensing and wastewater treatment. − The AOR was explained by two widely established mechanisms, namely, the Gerischer–Mauerer (G–M) and N + N mechanisms. , The G–M mechanism consists of the N–N bond formation between deprotonated NH x * species, forming H x NNH y * species, followed by the deprotonation to form N 2 . The N + N mechanism involves the deprotonation process of NH 3 * into N* adatoms, followed by the dimerization of N* for forming N 2 …”

Recent Progress and Challenges in Hybrid Water Electrolysis through Economic Evaluation

“…For this purpose, anion exchange membrane (AEM)-based HWE studies were considered because AEM is preferred over proton exchange membrane (PEM) because most reactants are alkaline in solution and unstable under acidic conditions . For this calculation, AEM-HWE studies using various oxidation reactions such as hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR), urea oxidation reaction (UOR), ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR), ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR), and glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR) were selected. − Cell performance data used in LCOH calculations were collected from those studies. Currently, LCOH calculations do not include the costs of reactant processing, such as extraction, concentration, and purification.…”

“…(a) Levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) comparison of various hybrid water electrolysis (HWE) reactions at 0.2 A cm –2 , LCOH comparison at different current densities for (b) hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR), (c) urea oxidation reaction (UOR), (d) ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR), (e) ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR), and (f) glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR) . The LCOH values of current levels of HWE were compared with those of the overall water splitting (OWS), and those of recycle chemicals were also compared.…”

“…In this paper, power consumption and levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) were evaluated to understand the economic impact of hybrid water electrolysis (HWE). 49 (c) urea oxidation reaction (UOR), 50 (d) ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR), 51 (e) ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR), 52 and (f) glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR). 53 The LCOH values of current levels of HWE were compared with those of the overall water splitting (OWS), and those of recycle chemicals were also compared.…”

“…Capability of levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) reduction in the future by introducing (a) urea oxidation reaction (UOR), (b) ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR), (c) ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR), and (d) glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR) . Solid lines exhibit calculations from reported data, and dashed lines show calculation results from theoretical data.…”