A Magnetically Powered Stem Cell‐Based Microrobot for Minimally Invasive Stem Cell Delivery via the Intranasal Pathway in a Mouse Brain

Abstract

Targeted stem cell delivery with microrobots has emerged as a potential alternative therapeutic strategy in regenerative medicine, and intranasal administration is an effective approach for minimally invasive delivery of therapeutic agents into the brain. In this study, a magnetically powered stem cell-based microrobot ("Cellbot") is used for minimally invasive targeted stem cell delivery to the brain through the intranasal passage. The Cellbot is developed by internalizing superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) into human nasal turbinate stem cells. The SPIONs have no influence on hNTSC characteristics, including morphology, cell viability, and neuronal differentiation. The Cellbots are capable of proliferation and differentiation into neurons, neural precursor cells, and neurogliocytes. The Cellbots in the microfluidic channel can be reliably manipulated by an external magnetic field for orientation and position control. Using an ex vivo model based on brain organoids, it is determined that the Cellbots can be transplanted into brain tissue. Using a murine model, it is demonstrated that the Cellbots can be intranasally administered and magnetically guided to the target tissue in vivo. This approach has the potential to effectively treat central nervous system disorders in a minimally invasive manner.

Power Losses Models for Magnetic Cores: A Review

“…Miniaturization of magnetic components and micromachines are an interesting couple to develop and implement in biomedical devices and applications. In biomedical applications magnetism-based systems are widely utilized, for example, to study and measure human tissue and organs (such as magnetocardiography, magnetoneurography, magnetoencephalography, and magnetomyography) [ 156 , 157 , 158 , 159 ]. By 2021, the market of magnetic sensors will worth around $7.6 billion due to their attractive commercial purposes and new application areas [ 160 ].…”

Cerium oxide nanozyme attenuates periodontal bone destruction by inhibiting the ROS–NFκB pathway

“…An increasing number of functionalized nanomaterials have been discovered to play biomedical roles due to certain inherent properties such as photothermal, 15 superparamagnetic, 16 and fluorescence effects. 17 Among them, an emerging field of nanomaterials termed as "nanozymes" has been opened since 2007, which were defined as nanomaterials possessing enzyme-like characteristics.…”

Micro/Nanosystems for Magnetic Targeted Delivery of Bioagents

“…For instance, MC3T3-E1 cells have been transported within the yolk of zebrafish embryos. Although the successful use of these cell-carrying machines in vivo was recently demonstrated [285,324], controlling them while they move noninvasively through the body to a target site is still an open challenge.…”