A Manual of the Aspergilli

Thom, Charles; Raper, Kenneth B.

doi:10.1097/00010694-194510000-00008

Cited by 254 publications

(80 citation statements)

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“…This feature was used as the criterion for Aspergillus by later authors, including Thom and Church (1926), Thom and Raper (1945) and Raper and Fennell (1965). Aspergillus was more formally delimited from the closely related genus Penicillium by Pitt and Hocking (1985) who noted that ''the simultaneous production of phialides from a single [solitary] head on a well defined stipe … and the presence of a foot-cell are absolute criteria for Aspergillus.''…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspergillus, its sexual states and the new International Code of Nomenclature

Pitt

Taylor

2014

Mycologia

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The newly adopted International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (ICN) demands that dimorphic fungi, in particular those with both sexual and asexual names, now bear a single name. Although priority is no longer associated with the mode of reproduction, the ICN requires justification for choosing an asexual name over an existing sexual one. The phylogenetic approach that made dual nomenclature for fungi obsolete can be used to help choose names for large groups of fungi that are best known by asexual names. Here we apply this approach to one of the largest and most diverse asexual genera, the genus Aspergillus. We find that existing sexual names may be given to well supported clades of fungi with distinct phenotypes, which include sexual morphology as well as physiological attributes associated with xerophily, thermophily and mycotoxin production. One group of species important to food production and food safety, Aspergillus subgen. Circumdati, lacks a well supported clade; here we propose that the name Aspergillus be retained for this group. Recognizing that nomenclature has economic and social implications, particularly for old, important genera, we discuss the consequences of various scenarios to implement the new ''one name for one fungus'' article in the ICN, showing that our approach requires the fewest appeals to the ICN while retaining the name Aspergillus for many of the most economically and socially important species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspergillus, its sexual states and the new International Code of Nomenclature

Pitt

Taylor

2014

Mycologia

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“…(Grindle, 1963a, b;Croft & Jinks, 1977). None of these strains are compatible with the commonly held laboratory stocks of A. nidulans derived from NRRL 194 (Thom & Raper, 1945) which have been assigned to a twentieth group (hcG1) (Croft & Jinks, 1977). These heterokaryon compatibility differences do not disrupt the sexual cycle and pairs 0001-6088 0 1990 SGM of heterokaryon-incompatible strains will readily form hybrid cleistothecia in the laboratory Butcher, 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the het genes that control heterokaryon incompatibility between members of heterokaryon-compatibility (h-c) groups A and G1 of Aspergillus nidulans

Dales

Croft²

1990

Journal of General Microbiology

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A chromosome assay method was used to determine the heterokaryon compatibility relationships between strains belonging to heterokaryon-compatibility (h-c) groups A and G1 of AsprgiZZus nidufms. A hybrid strain (RD15) was isolated following protoplast fusion of strains 65-5 (h-cA) and 7-141 (h-cG1). The morphology of RD15 was severely abnormal compared to diploid strains of A. nidulans produced from heterokaryon-compatible haploid parents. Inocula of RD15 were induced to haploidize on medium containing Benlate and a parasexual progeny sample of 291 haploid segregants was obtained. The progeny strains were genotyped for standard markers. Allelic ratios and pairwise marker segregations were determined. Pairs of progeny strains that carried different alleles for the standard markers on each linkage group in turn were tested for compatibility. Strain pairs that possessed different alleles for the markers on linkage groups 11,111, V, VI and VII were incompatible indicating the presence of heterokaryon-incompatible (he?) genes on these linkage groups. Backcrosses to an h-cG1 strain showed that two het genes were located on linkage group I11 and confirmed a total of six het gene differences between the h-cA and h-cG1 strains.

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“…278 and 279) possess marked antifungal and antibacterial activity. This species is biochemically very versatile and substances isolated from its culture filtrates include clavacin (Kent & Heatley, 1945), citrinin (Timonin, 1942;Thom & Raper, 1945) and itaconic acid (Calam, Oxford & Raistrick, 1939) A pure substance (' curling-factor ') responsible for this interesting physiological effect has been isolated McGowan, 1946). Two related strains of the P. nigricans-jancxewskii series produce antibacterial and antifungal culture filtrates, without the distorting effect; these are at present the subject of investigation.…”

Section: Detailed Consideration Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Antifungal and Antibacterial Substances by Fungi; Preliminary Examination of 166 Strains of Fungi Imperfecti

Brian¹,

Hemming²

1947

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARY:One hundred and sixty-six strains of Fungi Imperfecti have been examined primarily for the production of antifungal substances, though antibacterial substances have also been sought in most cases.Antifungal substances were produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium, Fusarium caeruleum, Metarrhizium glutinosum, Stachybotrys atra, Trichoderrna viride, Gliocladium catenulatum and Trichothecium roseum. Antibacterial substances were produced by species of Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Stachybotrys and Trichoderma.The chemical nature of the substances responsible for this activity is known or can be suggested in some cases, but others are worthy of further investigation.

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A Manual of the Aspergilli

Cited by 254 publications

References 0 publications

Aspergillus, its sexual states and the new International Code of Nomenclature

Aspergillus, its sexual states and the new International Code of Nomenclature

Investigation of the het genes that control heterokaryon incompatibility between members of heterokaryon-compatibility (h-c) groups A and G1 of Aspergillus nidulans

Production of Antifungal and Antibacterial Substances by Fungi; Preliminary Examination of 166 Strains of Fungi Imperfecti

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