A marine secondary producer respires and feeds more in a high CO2 ocean

Wei, Li; Gao, Kunshan

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.01.033

Cited by 99 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…There are some studies that have pointed to savings of metabolic energy due to downregulation of carbon-concentrating mechanisms (Hopkinson et al, 2010) or overall photosynthetic apparatus (Sobrino et al, 2014) in phytoplankton at high CO 2 concentrations. Yet other studies of the total plankton community have pointed to no effect or increased respiration at elevated CO 2 concentration (Li and Gao, 2012;, and the metabolic changes behind reduced respiration remain an open question. Membrane transport of H + is sensitive to changes in external pH, but the physiological impacts of increasing H + need further study to better address effects of ocean acidification (Taylor et al, 2012).…”

Section: Biological Rates: Respirationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of ocean acidification on pelagic carbon fluxes in a mesocosm experiment

et al. 2016

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Abstract. About a quarter of anthropogenic CO 2 emissions are currently taken up by the oceans, decreasing seawater pH. We performed a mesocosm experiment in the Baltic Sea in order to investigate the consequences of increasing CO 2 levels on pelagic carbon fluxes. A gradient of different CO 2 scenarios, ranging from ambient (∼ 370 µatm) to high (∼ 1200 µatm), were set up in mesocosm bags (∼ 55 m 3 ). We determined standing stocks and temporal changes of total particulate carbon (TPC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and particulate organic carbon (POC) of specific plankton groups. We also measured carbon flux via CO 2 exchange with the atmosphere and sedimentation (export), and biological rate measurements of primary production, bacterial production, and total respiration. The experiment lasted for 44 days and was divided into three different phases (I: t0-t16; II: t17-t30; III: t31-t43). Pools of TPC, DOC, and DIC were approximately 420, 7200, and 25 200 mmol C m −2 at the start of the experiment, and the initial CO 2 additions increased the DIC pool by ∼ 7 % in the highest CO 2 treatment. Overall, there was a decrease in TPC and increase of DOC over the course of the experiment. The decrease in TPC was lower, and increase in DOC higher, in treatments with added CO 2 . During phase I the estimated gross primary production (GPP) was ∼ 100 mmol C m −2 day −1 , from which 75-95 % was respired, ∼ 1 % ended up in the TPC (including export), and 5-25 % was added to the DOC pool. During phase II, the respiration loss increased to ∼ 100 % of GPP at the ambient CO 2 concentration, whereas respiration was lower (85-95 % of GPP) in the highest CO 2 treatment. Bacterial production was ∼ 30 % lower, on average, at the highest CO 2 concentration than in the controls during phases II and III. This resulted in a higher accumulation of DOC and lower reduction in the TPC pool in the elevated CO 2 treatments at the end of phase II extending throughout phase III. The "extra" organic carbon at high CO 2 remained fixed in an increasing biomass of small-sized plankton and in the DOC pool, and did not transfer into large, sinking aggregates. Our rePublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. sults revealed a clear effect of increasing CO 2 on the carbon budget and mineralization, in particular under nutrient limited conditions. Lower carbon loss processes (respiration and bacterial remineralization) at elevated CO 2 levels resulted in higher TPC and DOC pools than ambient CO 2 concentration. These results highlight the importance of addressing not only net changes in carbon standing stocks but also carbon fluxes and budgets to better disentangle the effects of ocean acidification.

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Section: Biological Rates: Respirationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of ocean acidification on pelagic carbon fluxes in a mesocosm experiment

et al. 2016

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“…As noncalcifying organisms, they are not directly affected by changes in Ω, and are predicted to be less vulnerable to pH perturbations than many other groups (Fitzer et al 2012). Several short-term laboratory studies have assessed copepod response to acute ocean acidification (Kurihara et al 2004, Mayor et al 2007, Kurihara & Ishimatsu 2008, Zhang et al 2011, Fitzer et al 2012, Li & Gao 2012, Mayor et al 2012, Weydmann et al 2012, Zervoudaki et al 2013). Results indicate a variety of sub-lethal effects, including de creased egg production, lower hatching success and a negative effect on excretion rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pteropod time series from the North Western Mediterranean (1967-2003): impacts of pH and climate variability

Howes¹,

Stemmann²,

Assailly³

et al. 2015

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Environmental changes resulting from anthropogenic CO 2 emissions occur at global and local levels and have potentially harmful effects, particularly for calcifying taxa in the marine environment. A time series of pteropod abundance covering the period 1967−2003 was isolated from the Point B (northwestern Ligurian Sea) zooplankton time series. Inter-and intra-annual changes in the abundance of 3 families (Limacinidae, Cavoliniidae and Creseidae) were compared with the copepod time series to identify any differential effects driven by ocean acidification and temperature. pH values were hind-cast from total alkalinity estimated from local temperature and salinity measurements, and atmospheric CO 2 taken from the Mauna Loa time series. Although surface waters were supersaturated with respect to aragonite throughout the study period, it is estimated that pH declined by 0.05 units. All pteropod groups displayed a trend of increasing abundance, suggesting that any deleterious effect of declining pH T in the range of 0.05 units has not caused sufficient reductions in fitness as to decrease local abundances between 1967−2003. Pteropod populations are influenced by inter-annual changes in summer temperatures. Spectral analysis identified a ~14 yr periodic oscillation in sea surface temperature. Similarly timed oscillations in abundance are present for all pteropod families but not for copepods, indicating a possible influence of the North Atlantic quasi-decadal mode on pteropod populations. While laboratory studies have shown pteropods to be sensitive to changes in pH, this analysis suggests that local and regional scale drivers have had a greater effect on pteropod populations in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea in recent decades. It should be noted that pH changes in laboratory studies exceed 0.05 pH units and that the saturation state with respect to aragonite (Ω ar ) is usually much lower than that of the Mediterranean.

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“…Hessen & Nilssen, 1983;Stenson et al, 1993). Recently, copepod response to ocean acidification has been studied only during limited laboratory studies (Kurihara et al, 2004;Mayor et al, 2007;Kurihara & Ishimatsu, 2008;Zhang et al, 2011;Fitzer et al, 2012;Li & Gao, 2012;Mayor et al, 2012;Weydmann et al, 2012) demonstrating that the elevated CO 2 concentration in seawater has sub-lethal effects on copepods mainly, thus influencing vital rates, i.e. egg production, hatching success.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of low pH and raised temperature on egg production, hatching and metabolic rates of a Mediterranean copepod species (Acartia clausi) under oligotrophic conditions

et al. 2013

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. Effects of low pH and raised temperature on egg production, hatching and metabolic rates of a Mediterranean copepod species (Acartia clausi) under oligotrophic conditions. Mediterranean Marine Science, 15(1) Mar. Sci., 15/1, 2014, 74-83 Effects of low pH and raised temperature on egg production, hatching and metabolic rates of a Mediterranean copepod species (Acartia clausi) under oligotrophic conditions AbstractThis study includes the first information on the combined effect of low pH and raised temperature on egg production rate (EP), hatching success (HS), excretion and respiration of the Mediterranean copepod Acartia clausi. Adult individuals of A. clausi and fresh surface seawater were collected at a coastal station in Saronikos Gulf during April 2012. Four different conditions were applied: two different pH levels (present: 8.09 and future: 7.83) and two temperature values (present: 16°C and present+4°C= 20°C). EP and HS decreased significantly over the duration of exposure at future pH under both temperature conditions. However, the analysis of the combined effect of pH, T, chlorophyll α and the duration of the EP and HS experiments revealed that ocean acidification had no discernible effect, whereas warming, food and the duration of exposure were more significant for the reproductive output of A. clausi. Temperature appeared to have a positive effect on respiration and excretion. Acidification had no clear effect on respiration, but a negative effect on excretion was observed. Acidification and warming resulted in an increase of the excretion rate and the increase was higher than that observed by warming only. Our findings show that acidification does not have an obvious direct effect on the vital rates of the copepod, with the exception of excretion possibly. Therefore, the combination of acidification, ambient oligotrophic conditions and warming could affect the ability of the species to allocate resources for coping with multiple stressors.

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A marine secondary producer respires and feeds more in a high CO2 ocean

Cited by 99 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of ocean acidification on pelagic carbon fluxes in a mesocosm experiment

Effects of ocean acidification on pelagic carbon fluxes in a mesocosm experiment

Pteropod time series from the North Western Mediterranean (1967-2003): impacts of pH and climate variability

Effects of low pH and raised temperature on egg production, hatching and metabolic rates of a Mediterranean copepod species (Acartia clausi) under oligotrophic conditions

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