A market basket survey of As, Zn and Se in rice imports in Qatar: Health implications

Rowell, Candace; Kuiper, Nora; Al‐Saad, Khalid; Nriagu, Jerome O.; Shomar, Basem

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2014.04.041

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The mean daily intake (µg/day) for essential elements in rice, wheat, meat and chicken were Se (6.83–41.12), Zn (949.02–4173.55), Mn (106.87–2365.15) and Cu (118.12–387.51), respectively (Table 5). There are difference and similarity between our study findings and other studies in the literature [56, 57]. These variations in the result could be due to the fact only four types of foods were investigated in our study, while other studies investigated many different types of food categories or carried out a total diet study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Estimated dietary intake of essential elements from four selected staple foods in Najran City, Saudi Arabia

2019

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The estimated dietary intake ( EDI) of essential elements selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu) has not been previously investigated for Najran city, Saudi Arabia. This type of information can be valuable for protecting public health. The aim of this study was to estimate the EDI of these elements. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was completed by the study participants (n = 80) to obtain dietary intake of selected staple foods (rice, wheat, meat and chicken). The concentrations of Se, Zn, Mn and Cu in these staple foods were determined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The ranges of concentrations (mg/kg, wet weight) were as follows: Se (0.07–0.24), Zn (3.91–20.89), Mn (0.63–14.69) and Cu (0.69–2.41). The calculated ranges of EDIs (mg/kg bw/day) for the essential elements were as follows: Se 9.55 × 10 −5 –5.75 × 10 −4 , Zn 1.33 × 10 −2 –5.83 × 10 −2 , Mn 1.49 × 10 −3 –3.31 × 10 −2 , Cu 1.65 × 10 −3 –5.42 × 10 −3 . The highest EDI for Cu and Mn came from wheat. In the case of Se and Zn, the foods that contributed the highest EDI were chicken and meat, respectively. The lowest EDIs were found for Se in wheat, Zn in rice and both Mn and Cu in chicken. The percentages (%) of provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) for Se, Zn, Mn and Cu were 13%, 11%, 14% and 3.4%, respectively when contributions from all the four classes of foods were combined. The percentage of the recommended daily allowance (RDA) derived from these foods were 80%, 20%, 17% and 5.6% for Se, Zn, Mn and Cu were, respectively. This raises the possibility of Cu deficiency in the Najran population. However, a total diet study and human biomonitoring study is needed in the future to fully assess if people in Najran city are at risk of deficiency or excessive exposure to trace elements.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Estimated dietary intake of essential elements from four selected staple foods in Najran City, Saudi Arabia

2019

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“…The metal content of the samples was determined using ICP-MS (Bruker aurora M90). Details can be found in Kuiper et al (2014) , Rowell et al (2014) , Shomar (2015) and Nriagu et al (2018) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The risk assessment functions and indicators and their interconnection have been studied over the past years. Hazard Quotient (HQ) is a well-known indicator in most of risk assessment studies ( UkoNaku et al, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2020 ; Rowell et al, 2014 ). Another indicator is the reference dose (RfD) for dermal exposure where the dermal exposure (E derm ) can be estimated as the concentration or mass of chemical in the medium contacting the skin ( USEPA, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive risk assessment of toxic elements in international brands of face foundation powders

Shomar

Rashkeev

2021

Environmental Research

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Despite the COVID-19 pandemic and wearing masks in many countries, women are keen on elegance, beauty and the use of face foundations. Assessment of health risks associated with the regular use of face foundation by females is dynamic due to the emerging products. The most common international 14 brands of face foundation powders were collected and the concentrations of different elements (Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, P, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, V and Zn) in each sample were determined. A combined approach merging the conventional and computational tools was used for investigating the risk of exposure to toxic elements. Monte Carlo simulations were applied to calculate risks associated with twenty elements. We attempted different probability distribution functions for concentrations because the actual distribution functions are not known, and the only data available are the mean value and standard deviation of concentrations obtained from experiment. Our results indicate that the total non-carcinogenic health risk through exposure to different elements (Hazardous Index, HI) does not strongly depend on the choice of the probability distribution function for the concentrations. We also show that taking into account probability distributions of other variables and parameters such as body weight, exposed skin area, skin adhesion, etc. does not significantly change the main result rather just slightly broadening the final Hazardous Index distribution function. We found that calculated HI is well below unity for all considered samples, i.e., the dermal exposure to toxic elements in the considered facial powders is negligible and the considered face foundation powders are quite safe to use.

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“…For example, As is found at relatively high concentrations in groundwater in certain parts of the world and can contaminate vegetables and cultivated grains such as rice [ 7 ]. Consumption of large amounts of food contaminated with heavy metals may lead to adverse health effects, such as neurological disorders, cancer, damage to important body organs, such as the kidneys, lungs and liver [ 8 , 9 ]. Exposure to heavy metals should always be below the guideline recommended by the World Health Organization WHO [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimated Dietary Intakes of Toxic Elements from Four Staple Foods in Najran City, Saudi Arabia

Mohamed

Haris

Brima

2017

IJERPH

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Exposure of the inhabitants of Najran area in Saudi Arabia to the toxic elements As, Cd, Cr, and Pb through foods has not been previously investigated. Exposure to such elements is an important public health issue, so the study described here was performed with the aim of determining estimated dietary intakes (EDIs) for these metals in Najran area. The As, Cd, Cr, and Pb concentrations in four staple foods (rice, wheat, red meat, and chicken) were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was completed by 80 study participants. These data were used to estimate dietary intakes of the metals in the four staple foods. The mean As, Cd, Cr, and Pb EDIs in the four food types were 1.1 × 10−6–2.6 × 10−5, 1.42 × 10−5–2.2 × 10−4, 3.4 × 10−4–8.0 × 10−4, and 2.3 × 10−5–2.1 × 10−3 mg/kg bw day, respectively. Hazard Quotients (HQ) for all elements did not exceed one. The highest Pb concentration was found for chicken and the source of this toxic element in this food needs to be investigated in the future. The lowest As concentration was found for wheat highest in rice. The EDIs for all elements in the four food types were below the provisional tolerable weekly intakes set by the World Health Organization (WHO).

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A market basket survey of As, Zn and Se in rice imports in Qatar: Health implications

Cited by 25 publications

References 21 publications

Estimated dietary intake of essential elements from four selected staple foods in Najran City, Saudi Arabia

Estimated dietary intake of essential elements from four selected staple foods in Najran City, Saudi Arabia

A comprehensive risk assessment of toxic elements in international brands of face foundation powders

Estimated Dietary Intakes of Toxic Elements from Four Staple Foods in Najran City, Saudi Arabia

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