A mechanical model for spherical fragments penetrating gelatine

Liu, Kun; Jiang, Mingfei; Wu, Zhongliang; Li, Zhongxin; Ning, Jianguo

doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2019.04.022

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Under the Bingham plastic assumption, when mechanical stresses exceed a yield strength, the material transitions from a solid-like behavior to a Newtonian fluid-like behavior [43]. The yieldstress model has been used to describe particle motion in viscoelastic fluids such as aqueous foams, clay suspensions, granular media, gelatin, or polymer gels [36,[44][45][46][47]. Under this assumption, the total drag force F acting on the particle as it penetrates the gel can be represented as a sum of three components: inertial (F i ) and viscous (F v ) forces related to the Newtonian behavior and an additional yield resistance (F y ) force.…”

Section: Modified Clift-gauvin Model For Particle Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the velocity of the particle further decreases, the yield resistance force F y finally dominates. This force decomposition approach has been recently used by Liu et al to describe projectile penetration in gelatin, assuming a strain-ratedependent yield resistance force [36].…”

Section: Author Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, we use LIPIT to study high-velocity microparticle impact on synthetic polymer gels containing a non-aqueous solvent. We accelerate steel microparticles to velocities ranging from 50 to 1000 m/s, corresponding to characteristic strain rates, estimated as v/D [36], up to ~10 7 s -1 and observe particle penetration and gel deformation in real time via ultra-high-speed imaging. We analyze a large number of individual microparticle trajectories and obtain the penetration depth as a function of the impact velocity for a range of the gel concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Strain-Rate Behavior of a Viscoelastic Gel Under High-Velocity Microparticle Impact

et al. 2020

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Background: Impact experiments, routinely performed at the macroscale, have long been used to study mechanical properties of materials. Microscale high-velocity impact, relevant to applications such as ballistic drug delivery has remained largely unexplored at the level of a single impact event. Objective: In this work, we study the mechanical behavior of polymer gels subjected to high-velocity microparticle impact, with strain rates up to 10 7 s -1 , through direct visualization of the impact dynamics. Methods: In an all-optical laserinduced particle impact test, 10-24 μm diameter steel microparticles are accelerated through a laser ablation process to velocities ranging from 50 to 1000 m/s. Impact events are monitored using a high-speed multiframe camera with nanosecond time resolution. Results: We measure microparticle trajectories and extract both maximum and final penetration depths for a range of particle sizes, velocities, and gel concentrations. We propose a modified Clift-Gauvin model and demonstrate that it adequately describes both individual trajectories and penetration depths. The model parameters, namely, the apparent viscosity and impact resistance, are extracted for a range of polymer concentrations. Conclusions: Laser-induced microparticle impact test makes it possible to perform reproducible measurements of the single particle impact dynamics on gels and provides a quantitative basis for understanding these dynamics. We show that the modified Clift-Gauvin model, which accounts for the velocity dependence of the drag coefficient, offers a better agreement with the experimental data than the more commonly-used Poncelet model. Microscale ballistic impact

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Section: Modified Clift-gauvin Model For Particle Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Author Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Strain-Rate Behavior of a Viscoelastic Gel Under High-Velocity Microparticle Impact

et al. 2020

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“…Many previous works have developed semi-empirical penetration resistance models. 8–12 It is generally accepted that three factors should be considered when calculating the penetration force: the strength of the target, viscous drag, and target inertia 13,14 in which A 0 is the cross-sectional area of the projectile; σ 0 is the strength of the target; ρ t is the density of the target; C V and C D are the inertial and viscous resistance coefficients, respectively; v p is the penetration velocity. To simplify the model, some analyses select the dominant components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liu et al. 12 established a penetration force model comprising a rate-dependent strength term, as well as the inertia term and the viscous term. However, the semi-empirical methods require abundant experimental data to evaluate the unknown force coefficients and the target strength parameter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A resistance force model for spherical projectiles penetrating ballistic gelatin based on cavity expansion theory

Liu

Fan

Wang

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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To investigate the penetration mechanism of spherical projectiles into soft tissues, ballistic gelatin was used as tissue substitute in ballistic tests. A theoretical motion model was established based on the cavity expansion theory. We first presented a quasi-static cylindrical cavity expansion model for the radial stress at the cavity wall of a cracked-hyperelastic material. The pressure on the cavity surface, PS, was also defined as the energy required to open a unit volume in the medium quasi-statically. Based on this interpretation, we proposed an approximate expression for the dynamic pressure, P, acting on the surface of the cavity by analyzing the energy transformation and conservation. Then, based on the analysis and solutions of the cylindrical cavity expansion model, we obtained a resistance force model for spherical projectiles, which consisted of an inertial term and a rate-dependent strength term. Subsequently, ballistic tests, in which gelatin blocks were penetrated by spherical projectiles of different materials and sizes, were analyzed, and the parameters in the resistance model were identified using the test results obtained from the 3 mm steel projectile. Further, the ability of the motion model to describe the motion of spherical projectiles penetrating ballistic gelatin was verified by comparing the calculated and measured results from projectiles of different materials and sizes. The proposed motion model based on the cavity expansion theory can therefore provide a basis for understanding the interaction of small arms ammunition and soft tissues.

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A hybrid polymer–water peridynamics model for ballistic penetration damage of soft materials

Huang

Zhang

Liew

2023

Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering

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A mechanical model for spherical fragments penetrating gelatine

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

High-Strain-Rate Behavior of a Viscoelastic Gel Under High-Velocity Microparticle Impact

High-Strain-Rate Behavior of a Viscoelastic Gel Under High-Velocity Microparticle Impact

A resistance force model for spherical projectiles penetrating ballistic gelatin based on cavity expansion theory

A hybrid polymer–water peridynamics model for ballistic penetration damage of soft materials

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