“…While the impact of maternal smoking on the fetus has received considerable attention in the medical literature (Kramer 1987), with its deleterious effects ranging from low birth weight and other birth defects, to childhood and adult asthma and lower cognitive functioning (Horta, Victora, Menezes, Halpern, and Barros 1997;Sayer and Kleinenman 2002;Weitzman, Gortmaker, Walker, and Sobol 1990;Dolan-Mullen, Ramirez, and Groff 1994), the impacts of exposure to second hand smoke is less well studied. On the policy side, while many papers have examined the immediate impacts of taxes or smoking bans on smoking behavior (Brownson, Hopkins, and Wakefield 2002;Eagan, Hetland, and Aarø 2006;Farkas, Gilpin, Distefan, and Pierce 1999;Bitler, Carpenter, and Zavodny 2011;Anger, Kvasnicka, and Siedler 2011), few papers in the economics literature have examined the consequences of such policies on birth outcomes.…”