A Method for the Combined Staining of Cells and Fibers in the Nervous System

Klüver, Heinrich; Barrera, Elizabeth

doi:10.1097/00005072-195312040-00008

Cited by 1,656 publications

(390 citation statements)

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“…Standard cresyl violet and Kluver-Barrera stains [25] were used for analysis of general gray matter cytoarchitecture and myelination. A monoclonal antibody (4A11) that recognizes neurofilament-H (NF-H) [40] was used to map the general organization of forebrain fiber tracts.…”

Section: Histological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Deletion of Lsamp Causes Exaggerated Behavioral Activation in Novel Environments

Catania

Pimenta

Levitt

2007

Behavioural Brain Research

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The limbic system-associated membrane protein (LAMP) is a GPI-anchored cell adhesion molecule expressed heavily in limbic and limbic-associated regions of the developing and adult brain. Experimental studies show that LAMP promotes the growth of limbic neurons and guides the projections of limbic fibers. In order to examine the functional consequences of disrupting limbic circuit assembly, we generated a mouse line in which the Lsamp gene encoding LAMP was deleted. Basic neuroanatomical organization and sensory and motor development are normal in Lsamp −/− mice. The most profound change in behavior in both male and female Lsamp −/− mice is a heightened reactivity to novelty exhibited in several behavioral tests. Lsamp −/− mice display hyperactivity in a novel arena and both sexes habituate to the same activity levels as their wildtype littermates, but at different rates. In the elevated plus maze, Lsamp −/− mice exhibit increased total arm entries, with a bias towards the open arms; they spend more time in the open arms and have a substantial increase in the amount of risk assessment in unprotected areas of the maze. In the y-maze, Lsamp −/− mice exhibit characteristic hyperactivity and a decreased level of spontaneous alternation during the period when their novelty-induced hyperactivity is at its peak. We hypothesize that Lsamp −/− mice may not simply exhibit a decrease in anxiety, but may have a heightened, and possibly maladaptive, response to novel environmental stressors. Genetic deletion of Lsamp may thus cause circumscribed changes in the fine connectivity of specific circuits that underlie these behaviors.

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Section: Histological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Deletion of Lsamp Causes Exaggerated Behavioral Activation in Novel Environments

Catania

Pimenta

Levitt

2007

Behavioural Brain Research

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“…To determine whether the lesions of demyelination also require antibodies, the brains of the three mMT and three wt mice were sampled at 2 weeks post-infection. Brains were fixed by immersion in 10 % phosphate buffered formal saline for at least 48 h, processed through paraffin wax, stained with luxol fast blue (LFB) and cresyl fast violet (Kluver & Barrera, 1953) and coded prior to examination. At least three sections from three separate areas of each brain were studied and scored for the extent of inflammation and demyelination (Table 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Semliki Forest virus encephalitis, antibody rapidly clears infectious virus and is required to eliminate viral material from the brain, but is not required to generate lesions of demyelination

Atkinson

Ballany

Boyd

et al. 2008

Journal of General Virology

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Semliki Forest virus (SFV) infection of the laboratory mouse provides a well-characterized tractable system to study the pathogenesis of virus encephalitis and virus induced demyelination. In mMT mice, which have no antibodies, infectious virus persisted in both the serum and the brain for several weeks, indicating that antibodies are required to eliminate infectious virus. In immunocompetent mice, virus infectivity in the brain was undetectable after the first week of infection, but virus RNA levels declined slowly. Following SFV infection, lesions of demyelination were present in the brains of both immunocompetent and mMT mice, indicating that antibodies are not required to generate lesions of demyelination.

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“…A fresh and filtered solution of Luxol Fast blue was prepared according to Kluver and Barrera (1953), i.e., 1 g Luxol Fast blue MBS [Solvent blue 38, Du Pont (UK) ltd, Stevenage, Herts; obtainable BDHJ in 5-ml 10% acetic acid and 1,000 ml 95% alcohol. The following schedule was then observed:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple Staining for Heat-Fixed Brain Sections after Topographical pH Analysis or Autoradiographic Studies

Parkinson

Christofi

Obrenovitch

et al. 1988

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Summary: Powerful topographic techniques are now available, among which autoradiographic and fluorescent mapping are the most prevalent. These techniques pro duce images that usually do not correlate with brain anatomy; subsequent staining is required to allow a pre cise association between the parameter(s) investigated and brain structures. A simple staining procedure is dePowerful topographical techniques are now avail able to study experimental or pathological distur bances of the brain, especially those associated with CBF, energy metabolism, blood-brain barrier permeability, and specific binding to receptors.They generate images related to the parameter of interest, but on which the brain anatomy is often not clearly delineated, and it can be difficult to ac curately correlate the data with structures of spe cial interest. This difficulty typically arises when studying focal cerebral ischaemia; occlusion of a major cerebral artery produces a heterogeneous and variable ischemic insult and, with some param eters, it is impossible to distinguish between inter mediate ischaemic grey matter and normal white matter. It is a relevant problem because grey matter in the border area with white matter appears to be selectively vulnerable to ischaemia, in particular that in the depth of the sulci (Obrenovitch and Hal lenbeck, 1985).One such parameter is CBF, lower in white matter than in grey matter under physiological con ditions (Reivich et aI., 1969; Sakurada et aI., 1978).

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A Method for the Combined Staining of Cells and Fibers in the Nervous System

Cited by 1,656 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic Deletion of Lsamp Causes Exaggerated Behavioral Activation in Novel Environments

Genetic Deletion of Lsamp Causes Exaggerated Behavioral Activation in Novel Environments

In Semliki Forest virus encephalitis, antibody rapidly clears infectious virus and is required to eliminate viral material from the brain, but is not required to generate lesions of demyelination

Simple Staining for Heat-Fixed Brain Sections after Topographical pH Analysis or Autoradiographic Studies

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