A Method of Measuring Tracheal Ventilation in Insects and Some Results Obtained with Grasshoppers.

Mcgovran, E. R.

doi:10.1093/aesa/24.4.751

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…However, the volume of air passing through the tracheal system most probably varies, as does the metabolic rate (p. 149), with temperature. McGoVRAN (1931) showed that in the acridid Chortophaga viridifasciata the volume of air passing through the tracheae was doubled when the air temperature increased from 23 ° to 28°; if this increase is linearly related to temperature it might be expected to be four times as great at 35 ° as at 23 ° . This ratio corresponds reasonably well with the three-times increase of the basal metabolic rate, over the temperature range 22°--35 ° , given in Table VI and based upon the data of KROGn & WEIs-FoGn (1951).…”

Section: Convective Heat Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Body Temperature of the Desert Locust (Schistocerca Gregaria)

Stower

Griffiths

1966

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The equilibrium body temperatures of hoppers (nymphs) of Schistocerca gregaria were studied in the field. The data obtained are here compared with theoretical estimates of the thermal balance resulting from the factors assumed to be concerned in heat loss and heat gain. In the field, the equilibrium body temperature of quiescent hoppers shaded from direct sunshine was up to 3.2° higher than the air temperature when the latter was about 25° or less, but was lower than the air temperature when this was above about 31°. In sunlight, body‐temperature excesses increased linearly with total radiation intensity between 0.15 and 1.25 cal/cm2/min. Differences in orientation to the sun gave rise to differences in equilibrium body temperature of as much as 6°. At relatively low radiation intensities (about 0.5 cal/cm2/min) the equilibrium body temperatures were found to vary with a power of the wind speed of about 0.35. There were no demonstrable significant differences in equilibrium body temperature or rate of change of body temperature between hoppers having opposite extremes of possible coloration. Except in hoppers shaded from sunlight and those exposed to low radiation intensities there was good agreement between the observed equilibrium temperatures and those expected on theoretical grounds. This provides evidence of the relative importance of the factors concerned in thermal balance. The relation between body temperature and behaviour is discussed. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG DIE KÖRPERTEMPERATUR DER WÜSTENHEUSCHRECKE (SCHISTOCERCA GREGARIA) Das innere Gleichgewicht der Körpertemperatur von vorzugsweise fünften Larvenstadien der Wüstenheuschrecke wurde unter Freilandbedingungen in Beziehung zu Lufttemperatur, relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit, Strahlungsintensität, Windgeschwindigkeit und Aktivität gemessen. Die verschiedenen Faktoren, die das Temperaturgleichgewicht der Heuschrecken beeinflussen, werden theoretisch behandelt. Die unter bestimmten Kombinationen der Umweltbedingungen zu erwartenden Gleichgewichts‐Körpertemperaturen werden aus den theoretischen Werten für die verschiedenen beteiligten Faktoren errechnet und mit den unter entsprechenden Freilandbedingungen beobachteten Werten verglichen. Ohne Sonneneinstrahlung und unter relativ windstillen Bedingungen wurde bei ruhenden Larven des fünften Stadiums eine Gleichgewichts‐Temperatur des Körpers gefunden, die bis zu 3, 2° höher lag als die Lufttemperatur, wenn diese ca. 25° oder weniger betrug. Dieser Überschuß hatte eine abnehmende Tendenz bei Lufttemperaturen bis zu etwa 31° und über dieser Schwelle waren die Gleichgewichts‐Temperaturen des Körpers im allgemeinen niedriger als die entsprechenden Lufttemperaturen. Theoretisch würde zu erwarten sein, daß unter diesen Umweltbedingungen das Temperaturgleichgewicht des Körpers in allen Niveaus annähernd der Lufttemperatur entspräche. Folglich scheint hier ein physiologischer Mechanismus zu bestehen, mit dessen Hilfe die Insekten in Abwesenheit von Sonnenschein und unter den Bedingungen schwacher Konvektion ihre Körperausgleichst...

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Section: Convective Heat Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Body Temperature of the Desert Locust (Schistocerca Gregaria)

Stower

Griffiths

1966

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…In some large insects, especially among the Orthoptera, a unidirectional ventilation of the tracheal trunks has been noticed and in several cases closely studied (Du Lee, 1925;McGovran, 1931;Fraenkel, 1932;Kitchel and Hoskins, 1935 Flight requires an enormous expenditure of energy which has to be provided by oxidation of food. This was first shown by Marie Parhon (1909) who measured the metabolism of a number of bees buzzing about in a large bottle.…”

Section: Diffusion Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Comparative Physiology of Respiratory Mechanisms

Krogh¹

2015

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“…As regards the function of the spiracles, McArthur (1929), McGovran (1931), Fraenkel (1932, 1932a, A. G. Hamilton (1937) and MoCutcheon (1940), although using widely different methods, all arrived at the same conclusion that normally the first four pairs of spiracles mrve for the inspiration and the last six pairs for the expiration ; a Werent view of Koidzumi (1934-35) that all spiracles may be expiratory, waa baaed on a faulty method (see p. 50). The normal procedure, however, is somewhat unstable, e.g.…”

Section: Function Of Spiraclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Acridology: Anatomy and Physiology of Acrididae.

Uvarov¹

1948

Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London

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A Method of Measuring Tracheal Ventilation in Insects and Some Results Obtained with Grasshoppers.

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

The Body Temperature of the Desert Locust (Schistocerca Gregaria)

The Body Temperature of the Desert Locust (Schistocerca Gregaria)

The Comparative Physiology of Respiratory Mechanisms

Recent Advances in Acridology: Anatomy and Physiology of Acrididae.

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