A Method to Diagnose Depletion, Skin, <i>kh</i>, and Drive Mechanism Effects Using Reservoir Monitoring Data

Haddad, Sammy; Proano, Eduardo; Patel, Yogesh

doi:10.2118/90032-ms

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The variation of permeability and skin as functions of time has been noted in real field cases by several authors, including Richardson et al (2002); Haddad et al (2004);Coludrovich et al (2004);Chorneyko (2006); and Olsen and Nordtvedt (2006). Olsen and Nordtvedt (2006) in particular made note of the difficulty in obtaining reliable skin estimates because of the lack of acceptable confidence intervals.…”

Section: Changes In Reservoir Properties and Well Conditionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Listening to the Reservoir—Interpreting Data From Permanent Downhole Gauges

Horne

2007

Journal of Petroleum Technology

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The permanent downhole pressure gauge is a class of tool that has become popular in the industry. These tools are installed during the well completion and provide a continuous record of pressure changes during production. Permanent downhole gauges (PDGs) have potential to provide more information than is available with traditional well testing, which is carried out for a relatively short duration. PDGs may provide useful information regarding changes in reservoir properties or well conditions with time as the reservoir is produced.However, interpretation of PDG data is a new problem. Unlike the traditional well test in which "disturbances" in the reservoir (i.e., rate changes) are created and pressure and rates are both known, the changes in rates associated with the record from the PDG may not be known. Moreover, the dynamic changes in the reservoir, along with changes in the flowing temperature or changes in the gauge itself, make the data more complicated to interpret.

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Section: Changes In Reservoir Properties and Well Conditionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Kuchuk et al (2005), who noted the effect on rate/time deconvolution of the value assumed for the initial pressure, implied another manifestation of the breakpoint issue. The breakpoint problem also was described as "event identification and synchronization" by Haddad et al (2004).…”

Section: Breakpoint Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Listening to the Reservoir—Interpreting Data From Permanent Downhole Gauges

Horne

2007

Journal of Petroleum Technology

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“…During the screening of production data analysis techniques (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) , which can help derive useful information (interwell connectivity in particular), this method was chosen because of its ability to manage non-stationarity issues. This ability is very important in obtaining meaningful correlations for wells that were started at different dates and have considerable production and complex shut-in history.…”

Section: Wavelet Analysis Of Production Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Marginal/Mature Oil Fields: A Case Study of the Sinclair Field

Resnyanskiy

Babadagli

2010

Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology

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Development of marginal/mature fields has become popular because of a significant decline in new field discoveries and high oil prices. In particular, small size fields of this kind are more challenging because of limited options for development. This paper presents a study on the Sinclair field located in Alberta, Canada. The field has 19 wells, six of which are horizontal, and have been in production for more than 20 years. Despite the quality of oil (40°API, 1.5 cp) and rock properties (20% average porosity, water-wet sandstone), the current production is less than 100 bbl/D for the whole field. The field is now undergoing waterflooding. The main challenges are the thin pay zone (~4 m), severe water production and a puzzling recovery factor of approximately 10%. The current study consists of three phases: numerical reservoir modelling and history match to understand the reasons for low oil production and to analyze the hydrodynamic characteristics of the field, characterization of reservoir and interwell connectivity using static and production data and proposing an enhanced oil recovery technique supported by field scale numerical simulation. After modelling and history matching stages, potential reserves locations are estimated for possible dilute surfactant injection. Based on interwell connectivity, different injection schemes that use some producers as injectors are tested. The obtained results are subject to further evaluation and analysis to derive the economic viability of the field.

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“…The "4D" pressure and pressurederivative analysis in log-log plot is a widely used method. In this method, the rate-normalized pressure and its derivative from all pressure build-ups are plot in the same log-log plot, and the changes in reservoir-well parameters can be diagnosed in the log-log diagnostic plot (Gringarten et al 2003, Haddad et al 2004, Houzé et al 2010. The changes in pressure and pressure derivative indicate the variation of skin, permeability-thickness and drive mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelet Frequency Analysis of Long-term Transient Pressure from Permanent Down-Hole Gauges (PDG) for the Real-Time Reservoir Monitoring

Wang

Zheng

2014

SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition

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This paper describes a new method of analyzing long-term Permanent Down-hole Gauge (PDG) data for real-time reservoir monitoring. The wavelet frequency analysis approach developed can identify dynamic changes in reservoir properties and well conditions from PDG data.PDG is the down-hole measuring device installed during the well completion, and can provide continuous pressure, temperature and sometimes flow rate data. The real-time and long-term down-hole mentoring has been proved to be cost-effective through field applications.Analyzing the large quantity PDG pressure data and converting the data to economic value is challenging. Different from short time traditional well test, the long-term PDG pressure data records the dynamic change in reservoir properties and well condition with time, such as permeability and skin change due to formation damage, water breakthrough and gas out of solution. Diagnosing these dynamic changes and making immediate responses is the key for reservoir monitoring.Wavelet transform has been successfully applied in PDG data processing, such as data denoising, outlier removal and transient identification. This paper uses wavelet transform to reveal reservoir information by analyzing PDG transient pressure in frequency domain. Small rate change can lead to small transient pressure change and small frequency amplitude in frequency domain. For large rate change, the corresponding pressure change will cause large frequency amplitude. As studied, for the reservoir with constant properties, the frequency amplitude caused by unit rate change is constant with time. When there are properties changes, such as skin and permeability change, the frequency amplitude caused by unit rate change will change with time. According to this, a key diagnostic function has been developed and the dynamic changes in reservoir properties can be clearly identified.Synthetic cases and real field PDG data have been used to demonstrate that wavelet frequency analysis method can clearly identify the changes in reservoir properties, and realize the potential of PDG to provide more reservoir information. In detail, the significance of this method is shown as follows: 1) this method can identify production events and benefit production monitoring; 2) this method can identify nonlinearities caused by variable reservoir properties to reduce the uncertainties of pressure-transient analysis (for example, deconvolution only can be used in linear systems); 3) this method can identify timedependent reservoir properties and provide guidelines for reservoir model (near wellbore model) update.

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A Method to Diagnose Depletion, Skin, kh, and Drive Mechanism Effects Using Reservoir Monitoring Data

Cited by 24 publications

References 8 publications

Listening to the Reservoir—Interpreting Data From Permanent Downhole Gauges

Listening to the Reservoir—Interpreting Data From Permanent Downhole Gauges

Development of Marginal/Mature Oil Fields: A Case Study of the Sinclair Field

Wavelet Frequency Analysis of Long-term Transient Pressure from Permanent Down-Hole Gauges (PDG) for the Real-Time Reservoir Monitoring

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