A Methodology for Accurate Shear Characterization of Unidirectional Composites

Pindera, Marek‐Jerzy; Choksi, G.; Hidde, Jeffrey S.; Herakovich, Carl T.

doi:10.1177/002199838702101205

Cited by 73 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Xavier et al [32] carried out FEM analysis in order to determine the stress field in the test section of Iosipescu and off-axis tensile tests for the characterization of wood. Regarding off-axis tensile test, they found that by using oblique tabs a uniaxial and uniform stress state is obtained throughout the test section and that no correction factors are needed, which is contrary to the statements of several authors [21,23,24].…”

Section: In-plane Shear Strengthmentioning

confidence: 69%

Determination of In-plane Shear Strength of Unidirectional Composite Materials Using the Off-axis Three-point Flexure and Off-axis Tensile Tests

Vargas

Mujika

2010

Journal of Composite Materials

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The aim of this work is to compare from an experimental point of view the determination of in-plane shear strength of unidirectional composite materials by means of two off-axis tests: three-point flexure and tensile. In the case of the off-axis three-point flexure test, the condition of small displacements and the condition of lift-off between the specimen and the fixture supports have been taken into account. Some considerations regarding stress and displacement fields are presented. The in-plane shear characterization has been performed on a carbon fiber reinforced unidirectional laminate with several fiber orientation angles: 10 , 20 , 30 , and 45 . Test conditions for both off-axis experimental methods, in order to ensure their applicability, are presented. Off-axis flexure test is considered more suitable than off-axis tensile test for the determination of in-plane shear strength.

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Section: In-plane Shear Strengthmentioning

confidence: 69%

Determination of In-plane Shear Strength of Unidirectional Composite Materials Using the Off-axis Three-point Flexure and Off-axis Tensile Tests

Vargas

Mujika

2010

Journal of Composite Materials

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“…Unfortunately, no investigations were performed to verify this thesis [3,7,16]. Other authors propose to interpret the shear stress recorded at the appearance of final crack as the shear resistance.…”

Section: Fig 4 Scheme Of Kinetic Load Of the Specimenmentioning

confidence: 93%

Determining strength of the modified wood

Kyzioł¹

2008

Polish Maritime Research

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Numerous authors [5,6,10,11] claim that the properties of the modified wood relating to its strength and deformation increase or decrease in proportion to the amount of the modifying substance.All changes of mechanical properties of the wood exposed to the modification cannot be fully predicted without relevant experimental tests.The goal of the reported activities was to determine the effect of pine whitewood modification of its strength anisotropy in complex stress conditions.Wood is an orthotropic material revealing remarkably different strength characteristics depending on the anatomic direction. The literature makes distinction between three wood directions: longitudinal, tangential, and radial. The adopted Determining strength of the modified woodLesław Kyzioł, Ph.D. Polish Naval Academy in Gdynia coordinate system is shown in Fig. 1 -the L axis is in the anatomic direction along the fibres, the R axis is in the radial direction, and the T axis is directed tangentially to the surfaces of particular fibre layers. COURSE OF INVESTIGATIONSIn order to examine the effort of the examined materials, tests were performed to determine wood resistance to stretching, compression, stretching with shear, and compression with shear. The shapes and dimensions of the specimens used for tests were taken from relevant standards [22÷25].The specimens were formed from a wooden square timber, seasoned in natural conditions in the temperature of 295±2K. The average humidity of the specimens was equal to 8%. The tests were performed on natural wood specimens and those exposed to the modification process. The modification consisted in saturating the wood with the hydroquinone methyl ether modified methacrylate (MM), with further thermal polymerisation. The degree of specimen saturation with the monomer was controlled by adjusting the time during which the specimen was in the autoclave, in the way described in [21]. The modified wood with different contents of methyl polymethacrylate was marked, respectively, as K0.0, K0.35, K0.43, K0.48 and K0.56, where the numbers represent the number of kilograms of methyl polymethacrylate with respect to 1 kg of dry wood.The stretching and compression tests were done on a universal test machine MTS-810.12, while the shear tests were performed on a machine designed and produced especially for

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“…These tests are quite straightforward to perform and to analyse when measuring the elastic properties. For the in-plane shear modulus (G 12 ) off-axis, ±45° and Iosipescu test coupons are used, but these tests are not so straightforward to analyse since a complex stress/strain state is induced in the coupons; further details on this subject are well documented in the literature [33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: W O O D H E a D P U B L I S H I N G L I M I T E Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the measurement of the in-plane shear modulus requires the use of off-axis specimens. Although consistent values of in-plane shear modulus may be obtained, specimen geometry must be optimized to reduce the errors provoked by the end-constraint effect [34]. …”

Section: W O O D H E a D P U B L I S H I N G L I M I T E Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and predicting stiffness in advanced fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for structural applications

Guedes

Xavier²

2013

Advanced Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites for Structural Applications

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This chapter describes the elastic qualities of advanced fibrereinforced composites, in terms of characterization, measurement and prediction from the basic constituents, i.e. the fibre and matrix. The elastic analysis comprises applying micromechanics approaches to predict the lamina elastic properties from the basic constituents, and using classical lamination theory to predict the elastic properties of composite materials composed of several laminae stacked at different orientations. Examples are given to illustrate the theoretical analysis and give a full apprehension of its prediction capability. The last section provides an overview on identification methods for elastic proprieties based on full-field measurements. It is shown that these methodologies are very convenient for elastic characterization of anisotropic and heterogeneous materials.

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A Methodology for Accurate Shear Characterization of Unidirectional Composites

Cited by 73 publications

References 10 publications

Determination of In-plane Shear Strength of Unidirectional Composite Materials Using the Off-axis Three-point Flexure and Off-axis Tensile Tests

Determination of In-plane Shear Strength of Unidirectional Composite Materials Using the Off-axis Three-point Flexure and Off-axis Tensile Tests

Determining strength of the modified wood

Understanding and predicting stiffness in advanced fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for structural applications

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