“…Many types of penetrometers have been constructed and used. These range from simple hand-held devices (Howson, 1977) through X-Y plotter data recording equipment (Smith and Dumas, 1978) to sophisticated electronic devices Riethmuller et al, 1983). The objective of this paper was to design, develop, and fabricate a penetrometer that was easy to use and could accurately measure, dis play, and store penetration force at any predetermined depth.…”