A Microstructure Evolution Model for the Processing of Single-Crystal Alloy CMSX-4 Through Scanning Laser Epitaxy for Turbine Engine Hot-Section Component Repair (Part II)

Acharya, Ranadip; Bansal, Rohan; Gambone, Justin J.; Das, Suman

doi:10.1007/s11663-014-0183-z

Cited by 52 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…[25]. Researchers often use PDAS [26][27][28][29] to quantitatively describe the size of dendrite structure, and its expression is often abbreviated as:…”

Section: Morphology and Size Of Solidification Dendritementioning

confidence: 99%

Phase constitution, microstructure and mechanical properties of a Ni-based superalloy specially designed for additive manufacturing

Liang

Yang

et al. 2021

China Foundry

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In this study, a kind of Ni-based superalloy specially designed for additive manufacturing (AM) was investigated. Thermo-Calc simulation and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis were used to determine phases and their transformation temperature. Experimental specimens were prepared by laser metal deposition (LMD) and traditional casting method. Microstructure, phase constitution and mechanical properties of the alloy were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission scanning electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and tensile tests. The results show that this alloy contains two basic phases, γ/γ', in addition to these phases, at least two secondary phases may be present, such as MC carbides and Laves phases. Furthermore, the as-deposited alloy has finer dendrite, its mean primary dendrite arm space (PDAS) is about 30-45 μm, and the average size of γ' particles is 100-150 nm. However, the dendrite size of the as-cast alloy is much larger and its PDAS is 300-500 μm with secondary and even third dendrite arms. Correspondingly, the alloy displays different tensile behavior with different processing methods, and the as-deposited specimen shows better ultimate tensile stress (1,085.7±51.7 MPa), yield stress (697±19.5 MPa) and elongation (25.8%±2.2%) than that of the as-cast specimen. The differences in mechanical properties of the alloy are due to the different morphology and size of dendrites, γ', and Laves phase, and the segregation of elements, etc. Such important information would be helpful for alloy application as well as new alloy development.

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“…[25]. Researchers often use PDAS [26][27][28][29] to quantitatively describe the size of dendrite structure, and its expression is often abbreviated as:…”

Section: Morphology and Size Of Solidification Dendritementioning

confidence: 99%

Phase constitution, microstructure and mechanical properties of a Ni-based superalloy specially designed for additive manufacturing

Liang

Yang

et al. 2021

China Foundry

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“…By influencing the gasliquid interface along with local cooling rates and thermal gradients, fluid flow can influence microstructural changes such the formation of stray grains, [37] the orientation of grains at the solidification front, [38] and the development of porosity and surface roughness. [39] Calculated thermal gradient G and solidification rate R values from either mathematical models or heat transport FEM-based models (with and without consideration of fluid flow) can be used to empirically determine microstructural quantities such as dendrite arm spacing, [40] or map pairs of G and R into zones of "columnar," "equiaxed," and "mixed" grain morphology. [41][42][43] Cellular automata (CA) models of solidification, first developed by Rappaz and Gandin, [44] have successfully been coupled with process-scale models to simulate grain growth [43,45] as well as the growth of dendritic colonies within grains.…”

Section: The Laser Engineered Net Shaping (Lens™)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Ti-W Solidification Microstructures Under Additive Manufacturing Conditions

Rolchigo

Mendoza

Samimi

et al. 2017

Metall Mater Trans A

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Additive manufacturing (AM) processes have many benefits for the fabrication of alloy parts, including the potential for greater microstructural control and targeted properties than traditional metallurgy processes. To accelerate utilization of this process to produce such parts, an effective computational modeling approach to identify the relationships between material and process parameters, microstructure, and part properties is essential. Development of such a model requires accounting for the many factors in play during this process, including laser absorption, material addition and melting, fluid flow, various modes of heat transport, and solidification. In this paper, we start with a more modest goal, to create a multiscale model for a specific AM process, Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS™), which couples a continuumlevel description of a simplified beam melting problem (coupling heat absorption, heat transport, and fluid flow) with a Lattice Boltzmann-cellular automata (LB-CA) microscale model of combined fluid flow, solute transport, and solidification. We apply this model to a binary Ti-5.5 wt pct W alloy and compare calculated quantities, such as dendrite arm spacing, with experimental results reported in a companion paper.

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“…[18] Powder-bed-based electron beam melting (EBM) was applied to process Ren e 142 powders where epitaxial DS microstructures were obtained. SLE was developed for the purpose of processing nickel-base superalloys and it has already shown significant potential for defect-free depositions of popular hot-section alloys such as CMSX-4 1 , [21][22][23] Ren e 80, [24] Ren e 142, [25] MAR-M247, [26] and IN100. [20] Scanning laser epitaxy (SLE) is a laser powder bed fusion (LPBF)-based AM process that uses a galvanometer-controlled high-power laser beam to initiate a melt pool.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Manufacturing of Nickel‐Base Superalloy René N5 through Scanning Laser Epitaxy (SLE) − Material Processing, Microstructures, and Microhardness Properties

Basak

Das

2017

Adv Eng Mater

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Nickel-base superalloy Ren e N5 is deposited on cast Ren e N5 substrates with [100] and [001] crystallographic orientations through scanning laser epitaxy (SLE) applied to gas-atomized prealloyed Ren e N5 powder. Single-pass fabrication of crack-free deposits exceeding 1000 micron is achieved. High-resolution optical microscopy reveals that the deposits have 10 times finer primary dendritic arm spacing compared to the substrate. SEM reveals the presence of finer microstructure in the deposit region compared to the substrate region. XRD and EBSD investigations show that the substrate crystallographic orientation does not affect the unidirectional crystal growth in the deposit region. Vickers microhardness values are higher in the deposits compared to the substrate.

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A Microstructure Evolution Model for the Processing of Single-Crystal Alloy CMSX-4 Through Scanning Laser Epitaxy for Turbine Engine Hot-Section Component Repair (Part II)

Cited by 52 publications

References 26 publications

Phase constitution, microstructure and mechanical properties of a Ni-based superalloy specially designed for additive manufacturing

Phase constitution, microstructure and mechanical properties of a Ni-based superalloy specially designed for additive manufacturing

Modeling of Ti-W Solidification Microstructures Under Additive Manufacturing Conditions

Additive Manufacturing of Nickel‐Base Superalloy René N5 through Scanning Laser Epitaxy (SLE) − Material Processing, Microstructures, and Microhardness Properties

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