A microwire technique for recording single neurons in unrestrained animals

Palmer, Claire L.

doi:10.1016/0361-9230(78)90129-6

Cited by 67 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…When the cat depressed the lever, it received a food reward (see METHODS). the occipital bone caudal to the tentorium (Drew 1993;Palmer 1978). Both the EMG and the pyramidal tract connectors were fixed to the cranium with acrylic cement.…”

Section: Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Motor Cortical Contribution to the Anticipatory Postural Adjustments That Precede Reaching in the Cat

Yakovenko

Drew²

2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

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We tested the hypothesis that pyramidal tract neurons (PTNs) in the motor cortex contribute to the anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) that precede the onset of a reach in the standing cat. We recorded the discharge activity of 151 PTNs in area 4 of the pericruciate cortex during reaches of both the contralateral and the ipsilateral limbs in an instructed delay task. A total of 70/151 PTNs were identified as showing an initial short-latency period of discharge following the Go signal. Linear regression analysis showed that in many of these PTNs the short-latency discharge was time-locked to the Go signal and temporally dissociated from the subsequent voluntary movement of the limb. The onset of the change in activity of most of those Go-related neurons that we could test (62/70) was temporally related to the onset of the change in the center of vertical pressure. In 33/70 PTNs, Go-related activity was observed only during contralateral reach, in 13/70 only during ipsilateral reach, and in 24/70 during movements of each limb; most of these latter cells (20/24) showed nonreciprocal changes in activity. Although 35/151 (23%) cells showed significant changes during the instructed delay period for reaches made with at least one of the limbs, only one neuron showed a significant reciprocal change during reaches with either limb. We suggest that the discharge characteristics of these PTNs are compatible with our hypothesis that the motor cortex contributes to the production of the APAs preceding movement.

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Section: Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Motor Cortical Contribution to the Anticipatory Postural Adjustments That Precede Reaching in the Cat

Yakovenko

Drew²

2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…We implanted an array of Tefloninsulated stainless steel microwires (50 m diameter) unilaterally into the medullary PT using a carrier system that we developed. Briefly, microwire electrodes (four wires staggered in length by 250 m) were attached to a stiff tungsten wire (500 m outer diameter, rounded at the end) using Carbowax (Fisher Scientific, Pittsburgh, PA) (Palmer, 1978). The electrode array was inserted stereotactically into the caudal medulla (between 12°and 20°posterior to anterior angulation), using standard cat eye-hard palate supports in a Kopf stereotaxic frame.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rescuing Transient Corticospinal Terminations and Promoting Growth with Corticospinal Stimulation in Kittens

Salimi

Martin²

2004

J. Neurosci.

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Development of corticospinal (CS) terminations is activity dependent. In the cat, activity-dependent refinement of termination topography occurs between weeks 3 and 6. Initially, sparse terminals are present in the gray matter bilaterally, including the motor nuclei. By week 6, virtually all motor nuclear terminations are eliminated, as are most ipsilateral terminations. In this study, we determined whether electrical stimulation of CS axons could be used to rescue transient terminations and promote their growth. We implanted microwires in the pyramid or spinal white matter to stimulate CS axons (2 hr/d, 330 Hz, 45 msec burst, 2 sec intervals) for 2-3 weeks during the refinement period. CS terminations were traced using wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. Animals were killed after week 6. Stimulation produced dense terminations bilaterally, including within the motor nuclei. Termination density was least in lamina 1 and ventral lamina 9. Reticular formation stimulation produced a control (i.e., nonstimulated) termination pattern. To determine whether CS stimulation affected development of the nonstimulated CS system, we traced terminations from the contralateral cortex using biotinylated dextran amine. Compared with controls or after reticular formation stimulation, there was a shift in the distribution of terminations of the nonstimulated side to more dorsal laminas, which is where the stimulated CS system had fewer terminals. This distribution shift is consistent with competition for termination space between the CS systems on both sides. Our findings indicate that activity can be harnessed to bias CS axon terminal development. This has important implications for using activity to modify motor system organization after perinatal CNS trauma.

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“…Whereas sub-and epidural electrodes provide superficial access to local field potentials (LFPs) of large neuronal populations, only intracortical electrodes allow to record spikes from small clusters of neurons or even single units. Recent attempts include microwire arrays (Krüger et al 2010;Nicolelis et al 2003;Palmer 1978;Williams et al 1999) and the "Utah" array (Maynard et al 1999;Nordhausen et al 1996;Suner et al 2005) and the "Michigan" probe (Hoogerwerf and Wise 1994;Vetter et al 2004) that both use narrowly spaced silicon microelectrodes. All these techniques allow gathering data from many individual neurons simultaneously and have been reported to provide single-unit responses still several months following implantation, occasionally even after 1 or several years (Krüger et al 2010;Nicolelis et al 2003;Suner et al 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A new type of recording chamber with an easy-to-exchange microdrive array for chronic recordings in macaque monkeys

Galashan

Rempel

Meyer

et al. 2011

Journal of Neurophysiology

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A microwire technique for recording single neurons in unrestrained animals

Cited by 67 publications

References 9 publications

A Motor Cortical Contribution to the Anticipatory Postural Adjustments That Precede Reaching in the Cat

A Motor Cortical Contribution to the Anticipatory Postural Adjustments That Precede Reaching in the Cat

Rescuing Transient Corticospinal Terminations and Promoting Growth with Corticospinal Stimulation in Kittens

A new type of recording chamber with an easy-to-exchange microdrive array for chronic recordings in macaque monkeys

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