A mitochondria-targeted fluorescent probe for monitoring endogenous cysteine in living cells and zebrafish

Abstract

At the organelle level, pathogenesis due to abnormal concentrations of cysteine (Cys) is of great significance for the early diagnosis and treatment of related diseases. Generally speaking, organelle localization requires...

Progress and perspectives: fluorescent to long-lived emissive multifunctional probes for intracellular sensing and imaging

“…72 Apart from the different ions and molecules discussed above, fluorescent probes are also employed for the detection of other biologically relevant species like hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite, nitroreductase, and cysteine in mitochondria. [73][74][75][76][77]…”

Michael addition–elimination–cyclization based turn-on fluorescence (MADELCY TOF) probes for cellular cysteine imaging and estimation of blood serum cysteine and aminoacylase-1

“…16,31 Consequently, monitoring fluctuations in Cys levels of live cells via imaging based approaches is extremely desirable for studying the pathophysiology of these diseases and can also facilitate their early diagnosis and treatment. [45][46][47][48][49]65,66 Motivated by these desirable applications of live cell Cys imaging, we employed our MADELCY TOF probes for imaging Cys in live HeLa mammalian cells.…”

“…20,22,[37][38][39][40][41] The 1,2-aminothiol moiety is a unique structural feature of free Cys and provides opportunities to design Cys-selective fluorescent probes that are insensitive towards other amino acids and biothiols. 42,43 Indeed, several 1,2-aminothiol-derivatization reactions have been previously employed for developing fluorescence-based Cys detection probes including Michael additioncyclization reactions, [44][45][46][47][48] S N Ar substitution-rearrangement, [49][50][51][52][53] and cyclization reactions with aldehydes. [54][55][56][57] A major limitation of several of these reactions is that they proceed in sub-optimal yields and demonstrate slow reaction kinetics, hampering probe sensitivity.…”

Simultaneous Discrimination of Cys/Hcy and GSH With Simple Fluorescent Probe Under a Single-Wavelength Excitation and its Application in Living Cells, Tumor Tissues, and Zebrafish

“…Optical probes have been a powerful tool for monitoring and imaging anions, cations, enzymes, and biomolecules in vitro / vivo because of their easy operation, high sensitivity, good selectivity, and noninvasive detection ( Chen et al, 2018a ; Hou et al, 2020 ; Li et al, 2020 ; Park et al, 2020 ; Yang et al, 2020 ; Cui et al, 2021 ; Du et al, 2021 ). At present, a huge amount of fluorescent probes have been developed for the investigation of Cys, Hcy, and GSH in living cells based on cyclization with aldehyde, Michael addition, cleavage of sulfonamide, disulfide, selenium–nitrogen, and sulfonate ester ( Chen et al, 2018b ; Chen et al, 2020 ; Yue et al, 2020 ; Chen et al, 2021a ; Li et al, 2021a ; Zhang et al, 2021a ; Zheng et al, 2021 ; Chen et al, 2022 ). However, owing to the similar structures and reactivities of GSH and Cys/Hcy, simultaneous selective detection of Cys/Hcy and GSH is still a great challenge.…”