A Model-Based Approach to Support Validation of Medical Cyber-Physical Systems

Silva, Lenardo Chaves e; Almeida, Hyggo; Perkusich, Angelo; Perkusich, Mirko

doi:10.3390/s151127625

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…We used the same database used by Silva et al [8] to collect patient's records containing the larger number of potential predictor variables identified for obtaining the new regression models for vital signs. This database, so-called MIMIC II Clinical Database [13], is made available freely by the American service PhysioNet.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…H1-0: There is no way to improve the regression models proposed by Silva et al [8] by modifying the predictor variables. Q2: Can the regression models proposed by Silva et al [8] be improved by selecting a homogeneous sample?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the use of patient synthetic data becomes a promising approach. In this context, Silva et al [8] presented a model-based architecture to support testing of MCPS. The authors introduced a Patient Baseline Model that uses regression models to generate synthetic data for the heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), blood pressure (BP), and body temperature (BT) vital signs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Q2: Can the regression models proposed by Silva et al [8] be improved by selecting a homogeneous sample? H2-0: There is no way to improve the regression models proposed by Silva et al [8] with the selection of another homogeneous sample from the database. To investigate such issues, we present an experiment that was divided into the following three steps:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Q1: Can the regression models proposed by Silva et al [8] be improved by modifying the predictor variables?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving Accuracy of Patient Synthetic Data for Testing Medical Cyber-Physical Systems

Santos¹,

Silva

Medeiros³

et al. 2016

International Conferences on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering

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Medical Cyber-Physical Systems (MCPS) integrate the cyber space and physical world elements for promoting support for health assurance activities. MCPS are life-critical systems, demanding a strong engineering effort to guarantee safety, what directly impacts on testing process. Testing MCPS using real patients is very expensive and complex, since their lives are involved. Thus, the use of patient synthetic data becomes a promising approach. In this paper we propose a model for improving accuracy of patient synthetic data for testing MCPS based on regression models. We use an existing Patient Baseline Model to generate vital signs of patients, but improving the statistical analysis. Using our approach we increased in about 73.9% the quality of the regression models and, consequently, their accuracies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Q1: Can the regression models proposed by Silva et al [8] be improved by modifying the predictor variables?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Improving Accuracy of Patient Synthetic Data for Testing Medical Cyber-Physical Systems

Santos¹,

Silva

Medeiros³

et al. 2016

International Conferences on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering

Self Cite

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A systematic literature review of the use of formal methods in medical software systems

Bonfanti

Gargantini

Mashkoor

2018

J Software Evolu Process

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The use of formal methods is often recommended to guarantee the provision of necessary services and to assess the correctness of critical properties, such as functional safety, cybersecurity, and reliability, in medical and health care devices. In the past, several formal and rigorous methods have been proposed and consequently applied for trustworthy development of medical software and systems. In this paper, we perform a systematic literature review on the available state of the art in this domain. We collect the relevant literature on the use of formal methods for modeling, design, development, verification, and validation of software-intensive medical systems. We apply standard systematic literature review techniques and run several queries in well-known repositories to obtain information that can be useful for people who are either already working in this field or planning to start. Our study covers both quantitative and qualitative aspects of the subject. KEYWORDSformal methods, systematic literature review, medical device software INTRODUCTIONIn modern medical devices, human safety depends upon the correct operation of software controlling the device: Software malfunctioning can cause injuries to, or even the death of, patients. A crucial issue is how to guarantee that medical software has all the qualities (eg, safety, security, and dependability) expected for critical components. One way to improve and assess software quality, as suggested by literature, 1-3 is to use formal methods or in general rigorous methods for design, validation, and verification of medical software. Some processes for improvement of medical standards, based on formal approaches, have already been proposed, 4-6 although their adoption in industrial applications is rather limited.The overall aim of this paper is twofold: (1) to provide guidance to researchers starting to work on this topic and (2) to assess the state of the art that is more useful for researchers already working on this subject. We have applied a systematic literature review (SLR) process to the topic of rigorous methods for designing and validation of medical software and systems by following the guidelines presented in literature 7-9 with slight improvements such as a wider range of repositories is queried for information retrieval and the subject is covered from both quantitative and qualitative aspects. Through this analysis, we give an overview of the research literature about formal methods applications to model, to verify, and to validate medical systems. Moreover, we include processes and tools that translate models written using formal languages in machine code. We would like to underline that the SLR carried out in this work considers only formal methods applied to medical device/software. Other processes applied to medical device/software are outside of our goal (eg, code implementation, testing, 8 and hardware configuration).The goals of our SLR are (1) to gather a sufficient number of relevant articles, (2) to perform a series of analyses, and (3) to p...

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Survey on test case generation, selection and prioritization for cyber‐physical systems

Sadri-Moshkenani

Bradley

Rothermel

2021

Software Testing Verif & Rel

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A cyber-physical system (CPS) is a collection of computing devices that communicate with each other, operate in the target environment via actuators and interact with the physical world through sensors in a feedback loop. CPSs need to be safe and reliable and function in accordance with their requirements. Testing, focusing on a CPS model and/or its code, is the primary approach used by engineers to achieve this. Generating, selecting and prioritizing test cases that can reveal faults in CPSs, from the wide range of possible input values and stimuli that affect their operation, are of central importance in this process. To date, however, in our search of the literature, we have found no comprehensive survey of research on test case generation, selection and prioritization for CPSs. In this article, therefore, we report the results of a survey of approaches for generating, selecting and prioritizing test cases for CPSs; the results illustrate the progress that has been made on these approaches to date, the properties that characterize the approaches and the challenges that remain open in these areas of research.

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A Model-Based Approach to Support Validation of Medical Cyber-Physical Systems

Cited by 32 publications

References 33 publications

Improving Accuracy of Patient Synthetic Data for Testing Medical Cyber-Physical Systems

Improving Accuracy of Patient Synthetic Data for Testing Medical Cyber-Physical Systems

A systematic literature review of the use of formal methods in medical software systems

Survey on test case generation, selection and prioritization for cyber‐physical systems

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