A model-based estimation of critical torques reduces the experimental effort compared to conventional testing

Істомін

et al. 2022

ppcs

Background and Study Aim. In-depth analysis of electrical activity of certain muscles in athletes contributes to improvement in the technique of physical actions. Hamstring muscles are an important factor for making physical actions by experienced football players. The purpose of the study consisted in substantiation for factors of optimization of physical capacity to work in experienced football players. Materials and methods. The study involved 20 experienced football players (n=20, aged 18-33, the period of going in for football > 10 years). We used equipment of M-TEST computer electromyography device manufactured by research and development enterprise DX-Systems (Kharkiv, Ukraine). The maximum bioelectrical activity (MBA) of m. biceps femoris, m. semitendinosus and m. semimembranosus, which are hamstring muscles (HM), depending upon the angle of applied effort. The study was conducted with positions of the lower leg at angles of 180°, 165°, 145° and 125°. We used two-way analysis of variance and regression analysis. The fact that the distribution was normal was checked by Shapiro-Wilk W test. Results. Conditions for manifestation of the maximally effective realization of contractile abilities of HM were determined. Positions of the body and lower extremities for the largest overlaying of myofilaments in sarcomeres of HM were determined. Conditions of using external movement-disorganizing influence for HM were revealed. Models for special activity of experienced football players were systematized. Conclusions. HM will manifest their MBA in case of the coaxial position of the trunk and lower extremities. The angle of the lower leg position, equal to 180°, is the optimum one for the maximum overlaying of sarcomeres in the above muscles. Exercises with a component, which destabilizes the body position, are the most effective ones for realizing contractile abilities of HM.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Special and preventive exercises for hamstring muscles in the training process of experienced football players

Істомін

et al. 2022

ppcs

“…The authors used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to analyze muscle fiber typology of the gastrocnemius and then classify the subjects into a slow-and a fast-twitch group for which they expected different patterns. With a model-based approach, this classification could be formulated as a parameter estimation problem for which the necessary force measurements could be obtained in a single testing session [23]. Afterwards, RT sessions could be optimized individually as proposed in this work.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mathematical model-based approach to optimize loading schemes of isometric resistance training sessions

Herold

Sommer

2020

Preprint

Self Cite

Individualized resistance training (RT) is necessary to optimize training results. A model-based optimization of loading schemes could provide valuable impulses for practitioners and complement the predominant manual program design by customizing the loading schemes to the trainee and the training goals. We compile a literature overview of model-based approaches used to simulate or optimize the response to single RT sessions or to longterm RT plans in terms of strength, power, muscle mass, or local muscular endurance by varying the loading scheme. To the best of our knowledge, contributions employing a predictive model to algorithmically optimize loading schemes for different training goals are nonexistent in the literature. Thus, we propose to set up optimal control problems as follows. For the underlying dynamics, we use a phenomenological model of the time course of maximum voluntary isometric contraction force. Then, we provide mathematical formulations of key performance indicators for loading schemes identified in sport science and use those as objective functionals or constraints. We then solve those optimal control problems using previously obtained parameter estimates for the elbow flexors. We discuss our choice of training goals, analyze the structure of the computed solutions, and give evidence of their real-life feasibility. The proposed optimization methodology is independent from the underlying model and can be transferred to more elaborate physiological models once suitable ones become available.

“…The authors used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to analyze muscle fiber typology of the gastrocnemius and then classify the participants into a slow-and a fast-twitch group for which they expected different patterns. With a modelbased approach, this classification could be formulated as a parameter estimation problem for which the necessary force measurements could be obtained in one testing session [28]. Afterwards, RT sessions could be optimized individually as proposed in this work.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For illustrative purposes, we choose Session B, which maximizes the FTI while ensuring a minimum threshold intensity using 25 contractions within 20 min. After the trainees have familiarized themselves with the dynamometer, a testing session is conducted to individually calibrate the model to the trainees' elbow flexors and obtain reliable parameter estimates [28]. After sufficient rest, the trainees are asked to intuitively perform a session, which they think to be optimal for the given task.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mathematical model-based approach to optimize loading schemes of isometric resistance training sessions

Herold

Sommer

2020

Sports Eng

Self Cite

Individualized resistance training is necessary to optimize training results. A model-based optimization of loading schemes could provide valuable impulses for practitioners and complement the predominant manual program design by customizing the loading schemes to the trainee and the training goals. We compile a literature overview of model-based approaches used to simulate or optimize the response to single resistance training sessions or to long-term resistance training plans in terms of strength, power, muscle mass, or local muscular endurance by varying the loading scheme. To the best of our knowledge, contributions employing a predictive model to algorithmically optimize loading schemes for different training goals are nonexistent in the literature. Thus, we propose to set up optimal control problems as follows. For the underlying dynamics, we use a phenomenological model of the time course of maximum voluntary isometric contraction force. Then, we provide mathematical formulations of key performance indicators for loading schemes identified in sport science and use those as objective functionals or constraints. We then solve those optimal control problems using previously obtained parameter estimates for the elbow flexors. We discuss our choice of training goals, analyze the structure of the computed solutions, and give evidence of their real-life feasibility. The proposed optimization methodology is independent from the underlying model and can be transferred to more elaborate physiological models once suitable ones become available.