A Model for Estimating the Hydraulic Conductivity of Granular Material Based on Grain Shape, Grain Size, and Porosity

Sperry, James M.; Peirce, J. Jeffrey

doi:10.1111/j.1745-6584.1995.tb00033.x

Cited by 83 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Values of K estimated using the GSH method were closer than the GSA estimates to values determined using the Hvorslev permeameter tests, which likely represented the best estimate of K in the upper 0.25 m. Similarly, Sperry and Peirce (1995) determined that K values estimated with the Hazen method compared more closely to those measured in laboratory column experiments than values estimated using the Alyamani and Sen (1993) method. Calculation of K values using the Hazen method for grain-size data reported in Alyamani and Sen (1993, Values of K determined with coupled seepage meterihydraulicgradient measurements were significantly lower than other methods.…”

Section: Different Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Comparison of Instream Methods for Measuring Hydraulic Conductivity in Sandy Streambeds

2001

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Streambed hydraulic conductivity (K) values were determined at seven stream transects in the Platte River Basin in Nebraska using different instream measurement techniques. Values were compared to determine the most appropriate technique(s) for use in sandy streambeds. Values of K determined from field falling-and constant-head permeameter tests analyzed using the Darcy equation decreased as permeameter diameter increased. Seepage meters coupled with hydraulic gradient measurements failed to yield K values in 40% of the trials. Consequently, Darcy permeameter and seepage meter tests were not preferred approaches. In the upper 0.25 m of the streambed, field falling-and constant-head permeameter tests analyzed with the Hvorslev solution generally had similar K values that were significantly greater than those determined using the Hazen grain-size, Bouwer and Rice slug test for anisotropic and isotropic conditions, and Alyamani and Sen grain-size methods; median differences between these tests and the Hvorslev falling-head 60 cm diameter permeameter were about 8,9, 17, and 35 rnfday, respectively. The Hvorslev falling-head permeameter test is considered the most robust method for measuring K of the upper 0.25 m of the streambed because of the inherent limitations of the empirical grain-size methods and less sediment disturbance for permeameter than slug tests. However, lateral variability in K along transects on the Platte, North Platte, and Wood Rivers was greater than variability in K between valid permeameter, grain-size, or slug tests, indicating that the method used may matter less than making enough measurements to characterize spatial variability adequately. At the Platte River tributary sites, the upper 0.3 m of the streambed typically had greater K than sediment located 0.3 to 2.5 m below the streambed surface, indicating that deposits below the streambed may limit ground waterlsurface water fluxes. The Hvorslev permeameter tests are not a practical measurement approach for these greater depths. Thus, selection of a method for measuring streambed K needs to consider the vertical location of the sediments that are most likely to limit the rate of ground waterlsurface water interaction.

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Section: Different Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Comparison of Instream Methods for Measuring Hydraulic Conductivity in Sandy Streambeds

2001

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“…Inversely, the average percentage of silt and clay was highest at the erosion right bank, exceeding 40% in January 2016 (Table 3). The median particle size, d50, is an important factor influencing the streambed hydraulic conductivity [34]. Higher average percentages of sand and lower percentages of silt and clay generally generated a larger average median grain size, corresponding to higher Kv values (Table 3, Figure 3a,b).…”

Section: Sediment Grain Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of Darcian Flux in the Hyporheic Zone at a Natural Channel Bend

Song

Jiang

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract:Channel bends are one of the most important characteristic features of natural streams. These bends often create the conditions for a hyporheic zone, which has been recognized as a critical component of stream ecosystems. The streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity (Kv), vertical hydraulic gradient (VHG) and Darcian flux (DF) in the hyporheic zone were estimated at 61 locations along a channel bend of the Beiluo River during July 2015 and January 2016. All the streambed attributes showed great spatial variability along the channel bend. Both upward fluxes and downward fluxes occurred during the two test periods, most of studied stream sections were controlled by downwelling, indicating stream water discharge into the subsurface. The average downward flux was higher at the downstream side than at the upstream side of the channel bend, especially in July 2015. The distribution of streambed sediment grain size has a significant influence on the variability of Kv; high percentages of silt and clay sediments generally lead to low Kv values. Higher Kv at the depositional left bank at the upstream site shifted toward the erosional right bank at the downstream site, with Kv values positively correlated with the water depth. This study suggested that the variabilities of Kv and VHG were influenced by the stream geomorphology and that the distribution of Kv was inversely related, to a certain extent, to the distribution of VHG across the channel bend. Kv and VHG were found to have opposite effects on the DF, and the close relationship between Kv and DF indicated that the water fluxes were mainly controlled by Kv.

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“…Specific surface is function of grain size and grain shape (Carrier, 2003;Fair and Hatch, 1933;Loudon, 1952;Sperry and Peirce, 1995), so 3.…”

Section: Solid Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C K-C is usually taken to be equal to 5 for soils (Carrier, 2003). Assuming the soil consisted of non-uniform spheres, D eff was calculated from the particle size distribution (Carrier, 2003;Fair and Hatch, 1933;Sperry and Peirce, 1995) Loudon (1952) the shape factor, SF, was estimated to be 7?8 for the soil and 9 for the glass grains by visual inspection of scanning electron microscope images of the particles.…”

Section: Solid Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%