A model to explain the origin of a parasite sex-specific population structure

Boissier, Jérôme; Jarkovský, Jiří; Morand, Sergé; Moné, Hélène

doi:10.1016/j.tpb.2004.06.008

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Although the adaptative explanation of this bias is unclear (Boissier et al 2004), previous reports have suggested a strategy to ensure that all female would find a partner (Basch 1990, Platt & Brooks 1997. Second, development of present-day-females is strongly dependent of male worms (Basch 1990, Ribeiro-Paes & Rodrigues 1997, Kunz 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Schistosoma mansoni worms in mice analyzed by bright field and confocal microscopy

Biolchini

Neves

Hulstijn

et al. 2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Schistosoma mansoni worms in mice analyzed by bright field and confocal microscopy

Biolchini

Neves

Hulstijn

et al. 2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“… (A) The cercarial stage is marked by gene expression differences in environment detection: the male-response to more specific chemical stimuli can facilitate the host detection and thus could allow a larger dispersion of the male cercariae explaining explain the higher genetic diversity observed later in male adults (1) [ 130 ]; and (ii) be responsible of the male-biased sex ratio (3) [ 130 ]. (B) Molecular events preparing parasite development start before the host penetration: while intrinsic pathways (homeogenes) are female-biased, growth factor and hormonal pathways are male-biased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-Biased Transcriptome of Schistosoma mansoni: Host-Parasite Interaction, Genetic Determinants and Epigenetic Regulators Are Associated with Sexual Differentiation

et al. 2016

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BackgroundAmong more than 20,000 species of hermaphroditic trematodes, Schistosomatidae are unusual since they have evolved gonochorism. In schistosomes, sex is determined by a female heterogametic system, but phenotypic sexual dimorphism appears only after infection of the vertebrate definitive host. The completion of gonad maturation occurs even later, after pairing. To date, the molecular mechanisms that trigger the sexual differentiation in these species remain unknown, and in vivo studies on the developing schistosomulum stages are lacking. To study the molecular basis of sex determination and sexual differentiation in schistosomes, we investigated the whole transcriptome of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni in a stage- and sex-comparative manner.Methodology/ Principal FindingsWe performed a RNA-seq on males and females for five developmental stages: cercariae larvae, three in vivo schistosomulum stages and adults. We detected 7,168 genes differentially expressed between sexes in at least one of the developmental stages, and 4,065 of them were functionally annotated. Transcriptome data were completed with H3K27me3 histone modification analysis using ChIP-Seq before (in cercariae) and after (in adults) the phenotypic sexual dimorphism appearance. In this paper we present (i) candidate determinants of the sexual differentiation, (ii) sex-biased players of the interaction with the vertebrate host, and (iii) different dynamic of the H3K27me3 histone mark between sexes as an illustration of sex-biased epigenetic landscapes.Conclusions/ SignificanceOur work presents evidence that sexual differentiation in S. mansoni is accompanied by distinct male and female transcriptional landscapes of known players of the host-parasite crosstalk, genetic determinants and epigenetic regulators. Our results suggest that such combination could lead to the optimized sexual dimorphism of this parasitic species. As S. mansoni is pathogenic for humans, this study represents a promising source of therapeutic targets, providing not only data on the parasite development in interaction with its vertebrate host, but also new insights on its reproductive function.

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“…To explain the observed genetic diversity in the parasite recruitment in the vertebrate host from a mechanistic point of view, some hypotheses have been proposed (Theron et al. , 2004) and according to mathematical model, it seems that this bias finds its origin in the vertebrate host prior to any interrelationship between worms (Boissier et al. , 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genetic architecture of schistosome infrapopulations within individual vertebrate hosts could result from various factors occurring all along the transmission process between and within hosts (Theron et al, 2004). To explain the observed genetic diversity in the parasite recruitment in the vertebrate host from a mechanistic point of view, some hypotheses have been proposed (Theron et al, 2004) and according to mathematical model, it seems that this bias finds its origin in the vertebrate host prior to any interrelationship between worms (Boissier et al, 2004). Among the factors that might favour a genetically diversified recruitment, one appears of particular interest: the protective immunity hypothesis (also called 'concomitant immunity hypothesis').…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertebrate host protective immunity drives genetic diversity and antigenic polymorphism in Schistosoma mansoni

Beltran‐Bech

Gourbal

Boissier

et al. 2010

Journal of Evolutionary Biology

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Schistosomes are gonochoric blood parasites with a complex life cycle responsible for a disease of considerable medical and veterinary importance in tropical and subtropical regions. Understanding the evolution of schistosome genetic diversity is clearly of fundamental importance to interpreting schistosomiasis epidemiology and disease transmission patterns of this parasite. In this article, we investigated the putative role of the host immune system in the selection of male genetic diversity. We demonstrated the link between genetic dissimilarity and the protective effect among male worms. We then compared the proteomes of three male clones with different genotypes and differing by their capacity to protect against reinfection. The identified differences correspond mainly to antigens known or supposed to be involved in the induction of protective immunity. These results underline the role played by host immune system in the selection of schistosome genetic diversity that is linked to antigenic diversity. We discuss the evolutionary consequences in the context of schistosome infection.

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A model to explain the origin of a parasite sex-specific population structure

Cited by 7 publications

References 41 publications

Development of Schistosoma mansoni worms in mice analyzed by bright field and confocal microscopy

Development of Schistosoma mansoni worms in mice analyzed by bright field and confocal microscopy

Sex-Biased Transcriptome of Schistosoma mansoni: Host-Parasite Interaction, Genetic Determinants and Epigenetic Regulators Are Associated with Sexual Differentiation

Vertebrate host protective immunity drives genetic diversity and antigenic polymorphism in Schistosoma mansoni

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