Abstract. The voice is a kind of composite wave, timbre is different depending on the different overtones. The timbre, namely audio overtones or harmonics components, is determined by the number of the overtone. The pitch is one of the most important parameters of speech. In the process of collecting phonetic evidence, we always find out the conditions of sampling rate are different, especially when the emotional state of speaker is unstable, we would use comparison of sound spectrograms and statistics to explore what influence has the change of the pitch had on sound spectrograms and the measurement of formants. The final conclusion of the study will have positive effect on the job of phonetic identification.