A modified fluorometric method for measurement of lignin sulfonates and its in situ application in natural waters

Wilander, Anders; Kvarnäs, Hans; Lindell, Tommy

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(74)90146-8

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Early research attempted to utilize both absorbance (Sheppard, 1977;Grieve, 1985) and fluorescence (Wilander et al, 1974;Smart et al, 1976), but both were limited by the available technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrophotometric discrimination of river dissolved organic matter

Baker

2002

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:There is a need to be able to differentiate the dissolved organic matter (DOM) fraction in river waters. Research in the 1970s and 1980s has attempted to utilize both absorbance and fluorescence to distinguish between DOM fractions in river waters, but both were limited by the available technology. Total organic carbon content has, therefore, been widely used as a standard method of measuring DOM concentration, although it has little power to differentiate DOM fractions. Recent advances in fluorescence spectrophotometry enable rapid and optically precise analysis of DOM. Here, we show how a combination of both fluorescence and absorbance can be used to discriminate statistically between spatial variations of DOM in tributaries in a small catchment of the Ouseburn, NE England. The results of the discriminant analysis suggest that about 70% of the samples can be correctly classified to its tributary. Discriminant function 1 explains 60Ð8% of the variance in the data and the fulvic-like fluorescence intensity has the largest absolute correlation within this function; discriminant function 2 explains a further 21Ð5% of the variance and the fulvic-like fluorescence emission wavelength has the largest absolute correlation within this function. The discriminant analysis does not correctly classify all tributaries every time, and successfully discriminates between the different tributaries 70% of the time. Occasions when the tributary waters are less well discriminated are due to either episodic pollution events (at two sites) or due to tributaries that have strong seasonal trends in spectrophotometric parameters, which allows the sites to be misclassified. Results suggest that spectrophotometric techniques have considerable potential in the discrimination of DOM in rivers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrophotometric discrimination of river dissolved organic matter

Baker

2002

Hydrological Processes

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“…Poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (MW 4000) was purchased from Polymer Laboratories (Church Stretton, UK), cation-exchanged, and lyophilized. The sulfur content of this material was determined to be 13.9%, corresponding to 434 mequiv/100 g. Poly(pphenylene ether sulfone) was purchased from Scientific Polymer Products (Ontario, NY). Effluent samples were obtained from the following pulp mills which discharge lignosulfonic acids into the Rhine River: PWA Aschaffenburg (FRG), PWA Mannheim (FRG), Holtzmann (Karlsruhe, FRG), Stracel (Strasbourg, France), and Cellulose Attisholz AG (Switzerland).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No recent reviews have appeared on the analysis of lignosulfonic acids in these water types, and a short review is presented here. Several multiple wavelength UV (10-12), fluorescence (13)(14)(15), and polarographic (16) procedures have been proposed for the selective and quantitative analysis of lignosulfonic acids in river water (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)16) and seawater (15). A fundamental disadvantage of these spectrometric and electrochemical procedures is that the insight into the substructures which are actually detected is limited, and consequently the selectivity of these procedures is often unclear or questionable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%