A modified method for inducing periodontitis in dogs using a silk-wire twisted ligature

Abstract

This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of a modified silk ligature twisted with wire for inducing advanced periodontitis. Periodontitis was induced in five premolars and one molar of 20 healthy dogs over a 60-day period. The dogs were divided into four groups according to the ligatureinducing materials used: soft moistened food only, wire ligature (WL), silk ligature (SL) and twisted ligature with silk and wire (SWL). Periodontal indices were recorded, and dental radiographs were taken before and after 60 days of ligation. The ligatures were checked daily and the day the ligature fell out was noted. The period during which the ligatures were maintained was significantly shorter for the SL group compared to the SWL group (p ＜ 0.05). Results of the clinical examination showed that almost all periodontal status parameters including the plaque index, gingival index, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing were significantly exacerbated in the SWL group compared to the other groups (p ＜ 0.05). Radiographic evaluation demonstrated that alveolar bone levels were significantly lower in the SWL group than the other groups on day 60 (p ＜ 0.05). These results suggested that experimental periodontitis induced by SWL could be an effective method for investigating periodontitis in canine models.

Expression of Bone Matrix Protein (Osteopontin) in Dentogingival Junction in Periodontal Disease

“…In current study we used cotton ligature in subgingival area around the neck of dogs premolar teeth to induce chronic periodontitis. This method was in agreement with Kim et al, 2012 andGab Allah et al, 2014 who found that, four weeks after ligature, there was severe destruction of DGJ, periodontal tissues and resorption of both; root and alveolar bone. In addition, gingival inflammation and apical migration of attachment epithelium along the affected root surface were reported [24,25] .…”

“…This method was in agreement with Kim et al, 2012 andGab Allah et al, 2014 who found that, four weeks after ligature, there was severe destruction of DGJ, periodontal tissues and resorption of both; root and alveolar bone. In addition, gingival inflammation and apical migration of attachment epithelium along the affected root surface were reported [24,25] . The DGJ of dogs with induced chronic periodontitis revealed intense OPN extra cellular expression by epithelial cells of hyperplastic gingival layers except the cornfield one which had a negative reaction.…”

RGD functionalized polymeric nanoparticles targeting periodontitis epithelial cells for the enhanced treatment of periodontitis in dogs

“…Ligature-induced periodontitis model in beagle dogs was made as previously described._ENREF_32 [36] Briefly, two weeks after scaling, dogs were anesthetized by i.v. injection of pentobarbital sodium (30 mg/kg), and then dental ligature wires (Class One Orthodontics, USA) were tied around the cervical region of the left upper second premolar (PM2), third premolar (PM3), and fourth premolar (PM4) as well as the left lower PM3, PM4, and first molar (PM1) to induce periodontitis.…”

Oral Mucoadhesive Buccal Film of Ciprofloxacin for Periodontitis: Preparation and Characterization

“…The ligature was left in place for 14 days as a gingival irritant and resulted in the development of plaque and periodontitis. The animals were kept in a uniform environment for 14 days and were checked daily to evaluate the suture, food and water intake, and body weight [15,16].…”