A modified thermodynamic equilibrium model for woody biomass gasification

Rofouie, Pardis; Moshkelani, Maryam; Perrier, Michel; Paris, Jean

doi:10.1002/cjce.21926

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…[107]), experimental adjustment or specification of some product components like methane (e.g. [74,108,109]), the use of an empirically adjusted (typically lower than actual measured) effective or quasi-equilibrium temperature rather than a single experimentally motivated lump average temperature (e.g. [110][111][112]) or empirical correction factors to the relevant equilibrium constants (e.g.…”

Section: Eq-single Vs Eq-separate Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of biomass gasification modelling

Safarian

Unnþórsson

Richter

2019

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

294

116

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Currently around 10% of all energy generated worldwide comes from biomass. Most of this 10% is biofuel energy from the fermentation of corn and sugarcane. Fermentation of corn competes with the global food supply, and fermentation of sugarcane drives deforestation. Therefore, the renewable and sustainable growth of these two bio-based energy sources may not be desirable even if it is economically feasible. Biomass gasification by contrast is significantly more flexible in terms of the bio-feedstock or waste that can be processed to either produce biofuels or to co-generate electricity and heat on demand. This superior flexibility of gasification both in terms of the feedstock type and also the energy generation or fuel production options, is what drives expanding research and implementation opportunities for biomass gasification. Research progress is accelerated by modelling work. This review is the first review in the biomass gasification modelling field to collect and analyze statistics on the growing number of gasification modelling studies and approaches used. The frequency of the various modelling choices made, and the trends this data reveals, is reported. For new researchers this review provides a succinct guide to the modelling choices that needs to made early on in a modelling study or project. A detailed methodology characterization is introduced that includes consequential modelling choices not explicitly addressed by prior reviews. To seasoned researchers this study provides the first statistical (as opposed to ad hoc or anecdotal) picture of what their fellow researchers are doing. The data to be presented reveals that even though the availability of kinetic data increased over the last two decades, the fraction of simulations that utilize kinetic modelling (as opposed to pure equilibrium calculations) decreased from roughly 50% to around 25% over the last decade.

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Section: Eq-single Vs Eq-separate Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of biomass gasification modelling

Safarian

Unnþórsson

Richter

2019

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

294

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Ash is typically either disregarded or considered inert when developing thermodynamic equilibrium models for nonslagging fixed bed and fluidized bed gasifiers [18][19][20]. For entrained flow gasification of solid biomass, however, slag properties are important and TECs have proven useful for understanding and predicting such properties [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic equilibrium analysis of entrained flow gasification of spent pulping liquors

Furusjö

Jafri

2016

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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The main goal of this work is to investigate if thermodynamic equilibrium calculations can be useful for understanding and predicting process performance and product composition for entrained flow gasification of spent pulping liquors, such as black liquor. Model sensitivity to input data is studied and model results are compared to published pilot plant data. The high temperature and the catalytic activity of feedstock alkali make thermodynamic equilibrium a better predictor of product composition than for many other types of biomass and gasification technologies. Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations can predict the flows of the main syngas and slag products with high accuracy as shown by comparison with experimental data with small measurement errors. The main process deviations from equilibrium are methane formation and sulfur distribution between gas and slag. In order to study real process deviations from equilibrium, it is very important to use consistent experimental data. Relatively small errors in the model input, primarily related to fuel composition, can lead to grossly erroneous conclusions. The model sensitivity to fuel composition also shows that the gasification process is sensitive to naturally occurring feedstock variations. Simulations of a commercial-scale gasification process show that cold gas efficiency on sulfur-free basis can reach over 80 % and that greatly improved efficiency can be obtained by reducing ballast present in the form of water or inorganics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coke is an inevitable problem when catalytically converting methane to syngas: it deactivates the catalyst and disrupts the reactor and process lines. Previous work has either neglected the impact of carbon formation on the thermodynamics [7,35] or ignored the thermodynamic difference between solid carbon in its graphite form and in its coke form. [36,37] Considering the importance of carbon deposition, [38] we recalculated the thermodynamic equilibrium of coke with a thermodynamic model (FactSage R Thermochemical Software).…”

Section: Coke Formation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial oxidation of methane to syngas over Pt/Rh/MgO catalyst supported on FeCralloy woven fibre

Ouzilleau

Trevisanut

et al. 2016

Can J Chem Eng

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Integrating a high-pressure syngas step with Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FT) in a single vessel reduces investment and operating costs for Gas-toLiquids technology (GtL). Methane catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX) to produce syngas for FT is an economic opportunity for micro-refineries. Many metals and metal oxides selectively convert natural gas to CO and H 2 , but they also form coke, which must be removed intermittently, otherwise it deactivates the catalyst and can foul the reactor and process lines. Here, we prepared a 1 % mass fraction (0.01 g/g) Pt/Rh (Pt/Rh = 9) catalyst supported on MgO over FeCralloy woven fibre via solution combustion synthesis. At 900 • C, from 0.1-2 MPa, and with a 2:1 feed composition of CH 4 to O 2 , the reaction consumed all the oxygen and we obtained a H 2 /CO ratio of 2 (ideal for FT). At low pressure and a 0.1 s residence time the catalyst converted 90 % of the methane at 90 % CO selectivity. At 2 MPa, CO yield reached 50 % (< 80 % conversion and 57 % selectivity). Based on thermodynamic calculations, less than 5 % coke forms below 900 • C. At high pressure and short residence time (0.1 s), the coke yield (presumed to be coke crystallites) was 24 %. Increasing the residence time to 0.3 s reduced the amount of coke by 33 % because it is metastable.

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A modified thermodynamic equilibrium model for woody biomass gasification

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

A review of biomass gasification modelling

A review of biomass gasification modelling

Thermodynamic equilibrium analysis of entrained flow gasification of spent pulping liquors

Partial oxidation of methane to syngas over Pt/Rh/MgO catalyst supported on FeCralloy woven fibre

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