A multi-technique and multi-scale analysis of the thermal degradation of PEEK in laser heating

Gaitanelis, Dimitrios; Chanteli, Angeliki; Worrall, Chris; Kazilas, Mihalis

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110282

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 62 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The peak at 1649 cm −1 was attributed to the stretching vibration of the carbonyl group. All the corresponding FTIR peaks of pure PEEK were exactly matched with previous literature reports [ 36 , 37 , 38 ]. For the SPEEK sample, the peak at around 1028 cm −1 represented the sulfonic acid groups that were obtained from the etching routine of PEEK.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Antimicrobial Peptide Conjugated on Graphene Oxide-Containing Sulfonated Polyetheretherketone Substrate for Effective Antibacterial Activities against Staphylococcus aureus

Kumar,

Hu,

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present study, the antimicrobial peptide nisin was successfully conjugated onto the surface of sulfonated polyetheretherketone (SPEEK), which was decorated with graphene oxide (GO) to investigate its biofilm resistance and antibacterial properties. The PEEK was activated with sulfuric acid, resulting in a porous structure. The GO deposition fully covered the porous SPEEK specimen. The nisin conjugation was accomplished using the crosslinker 1–ethyl–3–(3–dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) through a dip-coating method. The surface micrographs of the SPEEK-GO-nisin sample indicated that nisin formed discrete islets on the flat GO surface, allowing both the GO and nisin to perform a bactericidal effect. The developed materials were tested for bactericidal efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The SPEEK-GO-nisin sample had the highest antibacterial activity with an inhibition zone diameter of 27 mm, which was larger than those of the SPEEK-nisin (19 mm) and SPEEK-GO (10 mm) samples. Conversely, no inhibitory zone was observed for the PEEK and SPEEK samples. The surface micrographs of the bacteria-loaded SPEEK-GO-nisin sample demonstrated no bacterial adhesion and no biofilm formation. The SPEEK-nisin and SPEEK-GO samples showed some bacterial attachment, whereas the pure PEEK and SPEEK samples had abundant bacterial colonies and thick biofilm formation. These results confirmed the good biofilm resistance and antibacterial efficacy of the SPEEK-GO-nisin sample, which is promising for implantable orthopedic applications.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Antimicrobial Peptide Conjugated on Graphene Oxide-Containing Sulfonated Polyetheretherketone Substrate for Effective Antibacterial Activities against Staphylococcus aureus

Kumar,

Hu,

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[45] When increasing the laser energy deposited on the surface of PEEK, this can also lead to surface carbonization, where a shielding char layer is left on the surface, which could prevent sufficient bonding at higher temperatures. [46] In Figure 9, logged and averaged graphs of the heat press reference and the CONTIjoin samples at 360 °C set temperature generated through ILSS testing are displayed. For obtaining the average curves, only the common range of displacement of the respective curves was evaluated to ensure homogeneous requirements for the calculation.…”

Section: Mechanical Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser In Situ Joining as a Novel Approach for Joining Large‐Scale Thermoplastic Carbon Fiber‐Reinforced Polymer Aircraft Structures

Pohl,

Langer,

Rauscher

et al. 2023

Adv Eng Mater

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thermoplastic matrix composites are a viable option to reduce the carbon footprint during the life of an aircraft due to their ability to be molten and resolidified again. Tape‐based layup processes, such as automated tape placement, are well‐examined but have not seen extensive use in large‐scale joining applications, since they have to be processed layer‐by‐layer. In contrast, the advanced laser in situ joining method (CONTIjoin) utilizes fully consolidated and cut‐to‐size multilayered laminates, enabling the continuous layup of tailored laminates aligned with the mechanical application requirements. Herein, sample joints are manufactured using CONTIjoin technology, describing the general process principle, and are compared with samples produced using a standard heat press process. The base material, carbon fiber‐reinforced LMPAEK (low‐melt polyaryletherketone) is characterized using infrared spectroscopy. Using a 3.5 kW carbon dioxide (CO2) laser (10.6 μm wavelength) coupled with highly dynamic beam deflection, multidirectional reinforced laminates with up to six plies are processed to produce 24‐ply plates. The influence of joining temperatures up to 400 °C on the joint quality is investigated. Cross‐cuts are examined and interlaminar shear strength tests are conducted. With CONTIjoin, maximum strengths of 48.5 MPa are observed, reaching over 90% of the heat press reference.

show abstract

“…Transitioning from chemical to physical modification techniques, the advent of UV laser treatment presents an alternate yet equally promising avenue in surface engineering. UV lasers do not induce a thermal effect, which is beneficial in preserving the integrity of materials during the surface treatment process 33 . Studies on PEEK and its derivatives have underscored the potential of UV laser treatments in sculpting intricate surface textures, be it grooves, sub-micron structures, or other bespoke patterns 34 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of methods to enhance adhesion of conductive layer and dielectric substrate for additive manufacturing of electronics

Xu,

Hui,

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Additive manufacturing of conductive layers on a dielectric substrate has garnered significant interest due to its promise to produce printed electronics efficiently and its capability to print on curved substrates. A considerable challenge encountered is the conductive layer’s potential peeling due to inadequate adhesion with the dielectric substrate, which compromises the durability and functionality of the electronics. This study strives to facilitate the binding force through dielectric substrate surface modification using concentrated sulfuric acid and ultraviolet (UV) laser treatment. First, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and nanoparticle silver ink were employed as the studied material. Second, the surface treatment of PEEK substrates was conducted across six levels of sulfuric acid exposure time and eight levels of UV laser scanning velocity. Then, responses such as surface morphology, roughness, elemental composition, chemical bonding characteristics, water contact angle, and surface free energy (SFE) were assessed to understand the effects of these treatments. Finally, the nanoparticle silver ink layer was deposited on the PEEK surface, and the adhesion force measured using a pull-off adhesion tester. Results unveiled a binding force of 0.37 MPa on unmodified surface, which escalated to 1.99 MPa with sulfuric acid treatment and 2.21 MPa with UV laser treatment. Additionally, cross-approach treatment investigations revealed that application sequence significantly impacts results, increasing binding force to 2.77 MPa. The analysis further delves into the influence mechanism of the surface modification on the binding force, elucidating that UV laser and sulfuric acid surface treatment methods hold substantial promise for enhancing the binding force between heterogeneous materials in the additive manufacturing of electronics.

show abstract

A multi-technique and multi-scale analysis of the thermal degradation of PEEK in laser heating

Cited by 10 publications

References 62 publications

Antimicrobial Peptide Conjugated on Graphene Oxide-Containing Sulfonated Polyetheretherketone Substrate for Effective Antibacterial Activities against Staphylococcus aureus

Antimicrobial Peptide Conjugated on Graphene Oxide-Containing Sulfonated Polyetheretherketone Substrate for Effective Antibacterial Activities against Staphylococcus aureus

Laser In Situ Joining as a Novel Approach for Joining Large‐Scale Thermoplastic Carbon Fiber‐Reinforced Polymer Aircraft Structures

An investigation of methods to enhance adhesion of conductive layer and dielectric substrate for additive manufacturing of electronics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About