A multibiomarker approach to evaluate the effect of polyaromatic hydrocarbon exposure on oxidative and genotoxic damage in tandoor workers

Abstract

We conducted a cohort study of tandoor workers to evaluate the relationship between the biomarkers of oxidative and genotoxic damage and exposure to polyaromatic hydrocarbons. A series of oxidative and genotoxic damage biomarkers, including urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and tail moment (TM) by comet assay, was studied. A total of 76 tandoor workers and 79 demographically matched healthy individuals as controls were included. Our results showed that the tandoor workers had significantly higher urinary levels of 1-hydroxypyrene, urinary 8-OHdG, MDA content, and TM compared with the control population. The concentration of all these biomarkers increased with age in the control population as well as tandoor workers. In tandoor workers, significant variation in MDA, 8-oxodG (8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine) and TM concentration was detected between smokers (5.08 ± 1.72 nmol/mL, 16.01 ± 4.94 ng/mg creatinine, and 5.87 ± 0.98 µm, respectively) and nonsmokers (3.84 ± 0.98 nmol/mL, 13.74 ± 3.60 ng/mg creatinine, and 5.32 ± 0.69 µm, respectively). A similar pattern was obtained for the control population. We did not obtain significant variations for alcoholics and tobacco chewers. A significant increase in all these three biomarkers was observed with the increase in the period of work exposure in tandoor workers. Multivariate regression analysis also revealed that urinary 8-oxodG, MDA, and TM were statistically significantly related to age and period of work exposure. Overall, the present study showed that the exposure to wood smoke in tandoor workers under occupational conditions led to increased DNA damage because of oxidative stress and genotoxicity. These biomarkers, therefore, are good indices to assess oxidative DNA damage in these workers exposed to occupational genotoxicants. It is also necessary to make preventive changes in work conditions and lifestyle, which will help these occupational workers to lead a healthy life.

Investigation of Tandoor Ovens and Tandoor Smoke as a Public Health Problem: An Epidemiological Study in the Province of Van, Turkey

“…It was also stated in the study of Miglani et al 2 that the PAHs we detected in our study may be carcinogenic as a result of long-term exposure.…”

“…The smoke produced by tandoor ovens represents a major source of indoor air pollution in rural areas of the Middle East and South Asia. 1,2 A tandoor is a simple tool that has been used since prehistoric times to cook bread and heat houses (Figure 1). Women and young children constitute the majority of those exposed to tandoor smoke and/or in danger of falling into the tandoor and, therefore, face the most tandoor-related health risks.…”

Evaluation of DNA Damage in Traffic Cops Exposed to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Pollution in Baghdad City Streets and its Association to Certain Biomarkers

“…Another study found that smokers' plasma MDA levels were larger than non-smokers. 39 Another significant study 34 was conducted on coke plant workers in China, in which workers in a coke plant were classified into a group exposed to relatively less particulate matter and a second group highly exposed to particulate matter exposed. As an internal dosage, urine concentrations of PAHs metabolites and minerals were evaluated.…”

“…Higher levels of 8-OHdG may operate as a biomarker for oxidative stress on DNA, although it is not a particular diagnostic for PAH exposure. 39 The rate of DNA repair processes, which involves the removal of damaged bases or complete nucleotides, is determined by the analyzed persons' health state, age, diet, metabolic activity, and behavior. 40 Additionally, biological membranes' shape and fluidity can be altered by ROS-induced membrane lipid peroxidation, which ultimately affects how well the membranes operate.…”

The Gender of Fuelwood: Headloads and Truckloads in India

“…Legitimate concerns about burning fuelwood in India will not be addressed by focusing narrowly on village women’s household cooking, which resembles the kind of narrowing of vision Scott (1998) describes as ‘seeing like a state’. Concerns about fuelwood use tend to focus intensely on women, while men and their wood-related activities constitute a peripheral interest, usually associated with workplace health issues (e.g., Das et al, 2017; Miglani et al, 2019). Furthermore, to simplify deployment of interventions, development problems are often treated as if they occur in just one setting.…”