A multicentric study on stigma towards people with mental illness in health sciences students

Masedo, Ana I.; Grandón, Pamela; Saldivia, Sandra; Vielma-Aguilera, Alexis; Castro-Alzate, Elvis Siprian; Bustos, Claudio; Romero-López-Alberca, Cristina; Pena-Andreu, J.M.; Xavier, Miguel; Moreno‐Küstner, Berta

doi:10.1186/s12909-021-02695-8

Cited by 54 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The overall results from this study show that some level of stigma towards people with mental illness is present across all dimensions of stigma, which is in line with previous studies that also found explicit stigma in nursing students regarding people with mental illness [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Nursing students share the same misconceptions towards people with mental illness as the general public, and those with a high level of stigma often display discomfort, anxiety and fear when caring for people with mental illness [17,18]. In fact, a recent study identified stigmatised misconceptions about people with mental illness in nursing students, such as the assumption of them being dangerous and having worse prognoses [19]. Other studies also identify that nursing students believed that people with mental illness needed to be segregated from the community [20,21] and had more difficulty expressing compassion for those patients [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stigma towards People with Mental Illness among Portuguese Nursing Students

Fernandes

Família

Castro

et al. 2022

JPM

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Stigma is a substantial obstacle when caring for people with mental illness. Nursing students’ negative attitudes towards people with mental illness may impact the quality of care delivered and consequentially patient outcomes. In this study, we assessed the stigmatising attitudes and beliefs of nursing students towards people with mental illness and examined its relationship with several psycho-socio-demographic variables. This was a quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive correlational study, which was developed with a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 110 nursing students. Stigmatising attitudes and beliefs were assessed using the Portuguese version of the Attribution Questionnaire AQ-27. Results show that the dimensions of stigma with higher scores were help, pity, coercion and avoidance. However, significant differences were only observed depending on the year of study (fourth-year students, who already had clinical placements in this area, are less likely to show stigma), the relationship (family is less prone to show coercion), the history of mental health treatment (students with a history of mental health treatment have more tendency to help) and whether they considered working in the mental health field (students who have considered working in this field are less prone to show anger, avoidance and think of patients as dangerous). Therefore, we conclude that education in a classroom setting alone is not enough to reduce stigma in nursing students, clinical placement in the area is required to achieve such results. It is thus essential to improve nursing curricula worldwide so that students are exposed to both psychiatric nursing theory and clinical practice in the first years of the nursing degree.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stigma towards People with Mental Illness among Portuguese Nursing Students

Fernandes

Família

Castro

et al. 2022

JPM

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“…The study of stigmatizing behavior directed towards PLWHA among medical students can be valuable to reveal the defects and gaps in medical education and clinical training courses [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. This can be related to the previous evidence showing that lack of adequate skills and improper training might be associated with fear and avoidance, and subsequent negative attitude [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Knowledge and Stigmatizing Attitude towards People Living with HIV/AIDS among Medical Students in Jordan

Sallam

Alabbadi

Abdel-Razeq

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The stigmatizing attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) can be a major barrier to effective patient care. As future physicians, medical students represent a core group that should be targeted with focused knowledge and adequate training to provide patient care without prejudice. The aim of the current study was to examine HIV/AIDS knowledge, and the stigmatizing attitude towards PLWHA, among medical students in Jordan. The current study was based on a self-administered online questionnaire, which was distributed during March–May 2021, involving students at the six medical schools in Jordan, with items assessing demographics, HIV/AIDS knowledge, and HIV/AIDS stigmatizing attitude, which was evaluated using the validated HIV-stigma scale. The total number of respondents was 1362, with predominance of females (n = 780, 57.3%). Lack of HIV/AIDS knowledge among the study participants was notable for the following items: HIV transmission through breastfeeding (40.8% correct responses), HIV is not transmitted through saliva (42.6% correct responses), and vertical transmission of HIV can be prevented (48.8% correct responses). Approximately two-thirds of the respondents displayed a positive attitude towards PLWHA. For six out of the 14 HIV/AIDS knowledge items, lack of knowledge was significantly correlated with a more negative attitude towards PLWHA. Multinomial regression analysis showed that a significantly more negative attitude towards PLWHA was found among the pre-clinical students compared to the clinical students (odds ratio (OR): 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43–0.97, p = 0.036); and that affiliation to medical schools that were founded before 2000 was associated with a more positive attitude towards PLWHA compared to affiliation to recently founded medical schools in the country (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.42–2.42, p < 0.001). About one-third of medical students who participated in the study displayed a negative attitude towards PLWHA. Defects in HIV/AIDS knowledge were detected for aspects involving HIV transmission and prevention, and such defects were correlated with a more negative attitude towards PLWHA. It is recommended to revise the current medical training curricula, and to tailor improvements in the overall HIV/AIDS knowledge, which can be reflected in a more positive attitude towards PLWHA, particularly for the recently established medical schools in the country.

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“…However, another study did not observe a correlation between stigma and gender [20]. Masedo [21] pointed out that stigma was not signi cantly different between medical students and nursing students. However, one study found that medical students showed more stigma toward patients with self-harm than nursing students [22].…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

The Factors and Outcomes of Stigma Toward Mental Disorders in Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Meng

Huang

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Medical students’ attitudes toward mental disorders have a large impact on patients’ health outcomes. However, there are few studies about stigma toward mental disorders in medical students in China. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 838 medical students completed questionnaires on their sociodemographic characteristics and familiarity with people diagnosed with mental disorders as well as the Community Attitudes toward Mental Illness Scale (CAMI). A multiple logistic regression model was built to explore the relationships among sociodemographic characteristics, familiarity with mental disorders and stigma. Results The total mean score of the CAMI was 137.61 (SD = 15.63). The score for authoritarianism (M = 33.33, SD = 3.62) was the lowest score of the four subscales. Stigma was significantly associated with students’ education, area of residence, marital status, economic status, history of mental disorders and contact with people diagnosed with mental disorders. Conclusions Medical students show a negative attitude toward mental illness to a certain degree, especially regarding the view that people with mental disorders are inferior. Higher education level, residence in urban areas, single marital status, better economic status, and better familiarity with mental disorders may be related to less stigma in medical students.

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A multicentric study on stigma towards people with mental illness in health sciences students

Cited by 54 publications

References 39 publications

Stigma towards People with Mental Illness among Portuguese Nursing Students

Stigma towards People with Mental Illness among Portuguese Nursing Students

HIV Knowledge and Stigmatizing Attitude towards People Living with HIV/AIDS among Medical Students in Jordan

The Factors and Outcomes of Stigma Toward Mental Disorders in Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

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