A multifunctional approach for achieving simultaneous biodiversity conservation and farmer livelihood in coffee agroecosystems

Factors that influence participation of Puerto Rican coffee farmers in conservation programs

“…Our findings echo previous research in Puerto Rico and other coffee growing countries. Financial incentives represent a universal element that farmers and researchers identify as central to conservation programs (Bravo-Monroy, Potts, & Tzanopoulos, 2016;Iverson et al, 2019). Socio-economic characteristics of farmers associate differently with participation.…”

Integrating biodiversity conservation in wider landscape management: Necessity, implementation and evaluation

“…Access to natural areas is positively related to mental health (Bratman et al, 2015) and people prefer to recreate in quiet green natural places (de Vries et al, 2013), but recreational activities often adversely affect wildlife (Holm and Laursen, 2009). Approaches can be developed that allow for more synergies between human land-use and biodiversity but under the current economic paradigm they are generally more costly economically so that in the short term they are not widely adopted (Iverson et al, 2019). Mainstream land-use is driven by short-term cost-effectiveness and economies of size which generally results in overexploitation, agricultural expansion and urban sprawl to the detriment of biodiversity and the environment (Duffy, 2009;Polasky et al, 2011).…”

“…For example, expected stricter biodiversity-related regulations may result in regulatory risks for large companies and negative media attention for practices harming biodiversity may result in the reputational risk of clients backing out (Evison and Knight, 2010). Such economic incentives for biodiversity conservation can be important in facilitating transformations towards biodiversity-friendly farming (Iverson et al, 2019). However, care should be taken that the KPIs themselves do not become the ultimate objectives of management.…”

A Comprehensive Review of the Coffee Leaf Miner Leucoptera Coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae), With Special Regard to Neotropical Impacts, Pest Management and Control

“…Crop management practices and landscape structure can affect insect communities and the ecosystem services provided by natural enemies, enhancing their diversity and abundance. Ecologically complex coffee systems are associated with higher biodiversity of parasitoid wasps, ants, and other predators [66]. For instance, richness and abundance of social wasps is positively correlated with forest cover in coffee-producing regions, increasing L. coffeella predation [67].…”