A multiple indicators multiple causes (mimic) model of the behavioral consequences of hotel guests

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effects of a set of covariates, including culture, sociodemographic, and travel behavioral patterns, on behavioral consequences of hotel guests. We developed a Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model to test the effects of these covariates on hotel guests' perceived service quality, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, and complaint intentions. Using a sample of 2,267 hotel guests in Hong Kong during the period 2010-2015, we verified the four-factor structure of the behavioral consequences of hotel guests in the presence of seven covariates. The results showed that culture, gender, age, education, income, and travel experience predicted the behavioral consequences of hotel guests. After controlling for the effects of each of the four constructs in the model, we detected the direct effects of six covariates, except gender, on the indicators of the four constructs.

The extended theory of planned behavior considering heterogeneity under a connected vehicle environment: A case of uncontrolled non-signalized intersections

“…To verify the proposed H-ETPB model in section 3. between the exogenous latent variables and the endogenous latent variables, and is capable of accommodating measurement errors when exploring the relationships between these latent variables (Ingvardson et al, 2019), whilst the MIMIC model can unravel the associations between covariates (i.e. driver characteristics and experiences) and latent variables (Chen and Jiang, 2019). The combinative model (SEM-MIMIC) consists of three components as follows:…”

Digital Destination Matching: Practices, Priorities and Predictions

“…Tourists from collectivist cultures are more likely to shop for gifts [25], since they have more occasions for gift giving, larger gift budgets, and greater pressure to reciprocate when they receive gifts themselves. Tourists from high power-distance cultures prefer activities such as hunting, fishing, rafting, sailing, and wilderness hiking [26], whereas those from high uncertaintyavoidance cultures [22] prefer slower-paced or indoor activities such as visiting friends and relatives, attending staged events, and shopping [27]. Time orientations of tourists also influence holiday types and activities and destination choices.…”

Culture’s Influence on the Design and Delivery of the Marketing Mix Elements in Tourism and Hospitality

“…According to research, risk-taking correlates with sensation seeking, variety seeking, and engagement in risky activities such as participating in extreme sports and adventure holidays [45][46][47]. Tourists from cultures with a low level of uncertainty avoidance are more likely to take risks, seek thrills, and engage in high-energy and outdoor activities such as hiking and mountaineering and therefore, prefer more active and spontaneous vacations [48].…”

“…On the other contrary, tourists who are from cultures with high uncertainty avoidance tend to choose slow-paced and indoor based activities (e.g., participating in staged events, shopping, visiting friends, and relatives) [48], stay at their own holiday homes, or take part in general interest tourism (e.g., sun, sand, and sea tourism) [1]. The Japanese (a culture with high uncertainty avoidance) tend to be keen to own hotels abroad (e.g., in Australia) mainly because many Japanese believe that only the Japanese can fully meet the needs of other Japanese [49].…”