A Multisport Epidemiologic Comparison of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in High School Athletics

Joseph, Allan M.; Collins, Christy L.; Henke, Natalie M.; Yard, Ellen E.; Fields, Sarah K.; Comstock, R. Dawn

doi:10.4085/1062-6050-48.6.03

Cited by 288 publications

(249 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The second largest proportion of knee sprains for all 3 competition levels involved the ACL. High school and collegiate ACL injury rates were similar to those found in earlier investigations, 25,[31][32][33][34] which demonstrated rates in a variety of sports between 0.09 and 0.34/1000 AEs. Although the youth ACL injury rate was lower than the rates for the other levels, this estimate may be imprecise because of the small number of ACL injuries that were reported (n ¼ 2).…”

Section: Specific Knee-sprain Diagnosessupporting

confidence: 74%

Epidemiology of Knee Sprains in Youth, High School, and Collegiate American Football Players

Clifton

Oñate

Schussler

et al. 2017

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Variations in knee-sprain incidence among competition levels are unclear but may help inform prevention strategies in American football players.Objective: To describe the epidemiology of knee sprains in youth, high school, and collegiate football players.Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting: Injury and athlete-exposure (AE) data were collected from 3 injury-surveillance programs at the youth, high school, and collegiate competition levels.Patients or Other Participants: Data from 310 youth, 184 high school, and 71 collegiate football team-seasons were collected during the 2012 through 2014 seasons.Main Outcome Measure(s): Knee-sprain rates and risks were calculated for each competition level. Injury rate ratios (IRRs) and risk ratios (RRs) compared knee-sprain rates by competition level. Injury proportion ratios (IPRs) compared differences in surgery needs, recurrence, injury mechanism, and injury activity by competition level.Results: Knee-sprain rates in youth, high school, and collegiate football were 0.16/1000 AEs, 0.25/1000 AEs, and 0.69/1000 AEs, respectively. Knee-sprain rates increased as the competition level increased (high school versus youth: IRR ¼ Conclusions: Knee-sprain incidence was highest in collegiate football. However, level-specific variations in the distributions of knee sprains by injury activity may highlight the need to develop level-specific policies and prevention strategies that ensure safe sports play.Key Words: knee injuries, injury surveillance, injury prevention Key PointsThe risk of knee sprains increased as the competition level increased, with the highest risk occurring in collegiate football players. Total knee-sprain rates and the proportion due to being blocked were higher in collegiate than in youth or high school football athletes; however, a smaller proportion of collegiate knee sprains were due to tackling. Level-specific variations in the distributions of knee sprains by injury activity may highlight the need to develop policies and prevention strategies that ensure safe sports play.

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Section: Specific Knee-sprain Diagnosessupporting

confidence: 74%

Epidemiology of Knee Sprains in Youth, High School, and Collegiate American Football Players

Clifton

Oñate

Schussler

et al. 2017

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, often combined with meniscal injury, commonly affects young, physically active people (1,2). As a result of such injuries, up to 50% of individuals may rapidly develop knee osteoarthritis (OA) within 2 decades of injury (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient Knowledge and Beliefs About Knee Osteoarthritis After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Reconstruction

Bennell

Ginckel

Kean

et al. 2016

Arthritis Care & Research

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Objective. To explore patients' knowledge and beliefs about osteoarthritis (OA) and OA risk following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, to explore the extent to which information about these risks is provided by health professionals, and to examine associations among participant characteristics, knowledge, and risk beliefs and health professional advice. Methods. A custom-designed survey was conducted in Australian and American adults who sustained an ACL injury, with or without reconstruction, 1-5 years prior. The survey comprised 3 sections: participant characteristics, knowledge about OA and OA risk, and health professional advice. Results. Complete data sets from 233 eligible respondents were analyzed. Most (70%, n 5 164) rated themselves as being at greater risk of OA than their healthy peers, although only 56% (n 5 130) were able to identify the correct OA definition. While most agreed that ACL (73%, n 5 168) and/or meniscal injuries (n 5 181, 78%) increase the risk of OA, 65% (n 5 152) believed that ACL reconstruction reduced the risk of OA, or they did not know. A total of 27% (n 5 62) recalled discussing their OA risk with a health professional. Participants who were female, younger, or had a lower body mass index or higher physical activity level were more likely to recognize meniscal tears and meniscectomy as risk factors of OA. A history of professional advice was associated with beliefs about increased OA risks. Conclusion. Patients sustaining an ACL injury require better education from health professionals about OA as a disease entity and their elevated risk of OA, irrespective of whether or not they undergo surgical reconstruction.

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“…Being in competition as opposed to training is another factor which heightens risk [10]; again here this might be to the intensity of the physical activity and/or the accumulation of fatigue because of either the intensity of performance or having to perform on multiple occasions in a short space of time as with tournament play.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is know that disturbance to normal sleep patterns can affect performance [10] this disturbance to sleep could be from changes in circadian rhythm, due to changing time zones, long haul travel, or from cognitive stress. Cognitive stress, expressed through sleep disturbance, anxiety and depression has been associated with signi icant musculoskeletal injuries in professional footballers [11], though this has not been investigated speci ically for ACL injury or in female athletes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective Analysis of Non-Contact ACL Injury Risk: A Case Series Review of Elite Female Athletes

Herrington¹

2017

J Sports Med Ther

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Background: Literature on ACL injury is limited when assessing for the presence and interaction of multiple risk factors simultaneously. Identifying risk factor interaction may increase the impact of prevention programmes to target ACL injury reduction. The aim of this study was to retrospectively assess ACL injured female athletes to identify which modifi able and non-modifi able risk factors were present at the time of injury.Method: Seventeen female athletes who had sustained a non-contact ACL injury were interviewed retrospectively to assess for the presence of reported risk factors for ACL injury.Result: This retrospective analysis ACL injury cases highlighted a number of factors which were present with high frequency across this group of cases. All had non-contact ACL injury occurring during cutting or landing, which suggests a predisposing defi cit in neuromuscular control. This poor neuromuscular control could be exacerbated by the presence of fatigue identifi ed within the cohort. This poor control could be further infl uenced by the fact a majority of athletes had another signifi cant injury in the 12 weeks prior to ACL injury. The restriction to training could have either decreased fatigue resistance, or potentially changed their movement pattern because of the method of injury management undertaken. Conclusion:This case series provides insight into the interaction of risk factors for ACL injury in sportswomen, with the presence of another injury disrupting training, decreasing the athletes work capacity and fatigue resistance, being compounded perceived or actually elevated levels of fatigue, leading to the potential for abhorrent movement patterns and increased injury risk.

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A Multisport Epidemiologic Comparison of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in High School Athletics

Abstract: Anterior cruciate ligament injury rates vary by sport, sex, and type of exposure. Recognizing such differences is important when evaluating the effectiveness of evidence-based, targeted prevention efforts.

Cited by 288 publications

References 28 publications

Epidemiology of Knee Sprains in Youth, High School, and Collegiate American Football Players

Epidemiology of Knee Sprains in Youth, High School, and Collegiate American Football Players

Patient Knowledge and Beliefs About Knee Osteoarthritis After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Reconstruction

Retrospective Analysis of Non-Contact ACL Injury Risk: A Case Series Review of Elite Female Athletes

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