A Multitechnique Characterization of Lignin Softening and Pyrolysis

Shrestha, Binod Babu; Brech, Yann Le; Ghislain, Thierry; Leclerc, Sébastien; Carré, Vincent; Aubriet, Frédéric; Hoppe, Sandrine; Marchal, Philippe; Pontvianne, Steve; Brosse, Nicolas; Dufour, Anthony

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b01130

Cited by 79 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…A number of technical issues are usually encountered when processing phenolic raw materials [22,24,29,45]. Indeed, the formation of agglomerates due to the softening behavior of lignin led to feeding and fluidization problems.…”

Section: Fast Pyrolysis Of Water-insoluble Tanninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast pyrolysis of tannins from pine bark as a renewable source of catechols

Pinto

Romero

Carrier

et al. 2018

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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Fast pyrolysis of water-insoluble (W-I) tannins-mainly composed of condensed tannins-obtained from Pinus radiata bark methanol-water extraction was carried out in pursuit of a renewable source of high-value chemicals, in particular catechols. Micropyrolysis in an isothermal furnace unit (Py-GC-MS/FID) was performed between 450-600°C. Catechin and W-I tannins were compared to establish thermal degradation behavior between this fraction and its representative monomer constituent. Additionally, W-I tannins were compared with typical sources of renewable phenols such as pine bark and organosolv-lignin in order to highlight its potential. Benchscale experiments of W-I tannins were performed in a fluidized bed reactor between 400-600°C to provide information related to yield and concentration of catechols. The Py-GC-MS/FID results showed that W-I tannins are prolific of catechol and 4-methylcatechol, similar to their most abundant monomer constituent catechin. However, W-I tannins are not only composed of condensed tannins and some substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, triterpenes and carbohydrate-derived compounds were detected. The comparison of pyrolysis products among the renewable sources of phenols showed that W-I tannins yielded the highest relative content of catechols while guaiacols and carbohydrate-derived compounds predominated in the composition of lignin and bark products, respectively. The optimal pyrolysis-oil yield for bench scale assays (37 wt%) was found at 550°C and maximum yield of both catechol (4.4 wt%) and 4methylcatechol (2.3 wt%) were also obtained at 550°C.

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Section: Fast Pyrolysis Of Water-insoluble Tanninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast pyrolysis of tannins from pine bark as a renewable source of catechols

Pinto

Romero

Carrier

et al. 2018

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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“…It has been extensively studied on lignin and liquefaction products. [45][46][47][48] But a careful calibration must be achieved due to potential chemical interactions between lignin molecules and the column. [49] The different structure (hydrodynamic volume) between lignin products and calibration standards also impairs the quality of the molar masses determined by GPC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin Depolymerization: A Comparison of Methods to Analyze Monomers and Oligomers

et al. 2020

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Catalytic liquefaction of lignin is an attractive process to produce fuels and chemicals, but it forms a wide range of liquid products from monomers to oligomers. Oligomers represent an important fraction of the products and their analysis is complex. Therefore, rapid characterization methods are needed to screen liquefaction conditions based on the distribution in monomers and oligomers. For this purpose, UV spectroscopy is proposed as a fast and simple method to assess the composition of lignin‐derived liquids. UV absorption and fluorescence were studied on various model compounds and liquefaction products. Liquefaction of Soda lignin was conducted in an autoclave, in ethanol and with Pt/C catalyst (H2, 250 °C, 110 bar). Liquids were sampled at isothermal conditions every 30 min for 4 h. UV fluorescence spectroscopy is related to GC–MS, gel‐permeation chromatography (GPC), MALDI‐TOF MS, and NMR characterizations. A depolymerization index is proposed from UV spectroscopy to rapidly assess the relative distribution of monomers and oligomers.

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“…Lignin was used both in non-pyrolyzed and pyrolyzed form. The pyrolysis of lignin was performed in 350 • C. The pyrolysis temperature was selected based on the earlier reports about behavior of lignin in the pyrolysis process [11,12]. The aim was to set the degradation of lignin on in the pre-pyrolysis before the actual coking process.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin from Bioethanol Production as a Part of a Raw Material Blend of a Metallurgical Coke

et al. 2019

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Replacement of part of the coal in the coking blend with lignin would be an attractive solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from blast furnace (BF) iron making and for obtaining additional value for lignin utilization. In this research, both non-pyrolyzed and pyrolyzed lignin was used in a powdered form in a coking blend for replacing 5-, 10- and 15 m-% of coal in the raw material bulk. Graphite powder was used as a comparative replacement material for lignin with corresponding replacement ratios. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed for all the raw materials to obtaining valuable data about the raw material behavior in the coking process. In addition, chemical analysis was performed for dried lignin, pyrolyzed lignin and coal that were used in the experiments. Produced bio cokes were tested in a compression strength experiment, in reactivity tests in a simulating blast furnace shaft gas profile and temperature. Also, an image analysis of the porosity and pore shapes was performed with a custom made MatLab-based image analysis software. The tests revealed that the pyrolysis of lignin before the coking process has an increasing impact on the bio coke strength, while the reactivity of the bio-cokes did not significantly change. However, after certain level of lignin addition the effect of lignin pyrolysis before the coking lost its significance. According to results of this research, the structure of bio cokes changes significantly when replacement of coal with lignin in the raw material bulk is at a level of 10 m-% or more, causing less uniform structure thus leading to a less strong structure for bio cokes.

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A Multitechnique Characterization of Lignin Softening and Pyrolysis

Cited by 79 publications

References 65 publications

Fast pyrolysis of tannins from pine bark as a renewable source of catechols

Fast pyrolysis of tannins from pine bark as a renewable source of catechols

Lignin Depolymerization: A Comparison of Methods to Analyze Monomers and Oligomers

Lignin from Bioethanol Production as a Part of a Raw Material Blend of a Metallurgical Coke

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