A Mussel‐Inspired Persistent ROS‐Scavenging, Electroactive, and Osteoinductive Scaffold Based on Electrochemical‐Driven In Situ Nanoassembly

Abstract

Conductive polymers are promising for bone regeneration because they can regulate cell behavior through electrical stimulation; moreover, they are antioxidative agents that can be used to protect cells and tissues from damage originating from reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, conductive polymers lack affinity to cells and osteoinductivity, which limits their application in tissue engineering. Herein, an electroactive, cell affinitive, persistent ROS‐scavenging, and osteoinductive porous Ti scaffold is prepared by the on‐surface in situ assembly of a polypyrrole‐polydopamine‐hydroxyapatite (PPy‐PDA‐HA) film through a layer‐by‐layer pulse electrodeposition (LBL‐PED) method. During LBL‐PED, the PPy‐PDA nanoparticles (NPs) and HA NPs are in situ synthesized and uniformly coated on a porous scaffold from inside to outside. PDA is entangled with and doped into PPy to enhance the ROS scavenging rate of the scaffold and realize repeatable, efficient ROS scavenging over a long period of time. HA and electrical stimulation synergistically promote osteogenic cell differentiation on PPy‐PDA‐HA films. Ultimately, the PPy‐PDA‐HA porous scaffold provides excellent bone regeneration through the synergistic effects of electroactivity, cell affinity, and antioxidative activity of the PPy‐PDA NPs and the osteoinductivity of HA NPs. This study provides a new strategy for functionalizing porous scaffolds that show great promise as implants for tissue regeneration.

Polydopamine nanoparticle-dotted food gum hydrogel with excellent antibacterial activity and rapid shape adaptability for accelerated bacteria-infected wound healing

“…Doping with nanophase polydopamine (PDA NPs) is a potential means to compensate for the defects of XK gels. Mussel-type PDA NPs prepared through the oxidative polymerization of dopamine have excellent properties for applications in the biomedicine [ 20 , 21 ]. The structure of PDA NPs is like that of natural melanin, and its advantages include strong light absorption capacity, good biocompatibility, and a simple preparation method [ 22 , 23 ].…”

The Bioactive Polypyrrole/Polydopamine Nanowire Coating with Enhanced Osteogenic Differentiation Ability with Electrical Stimulation

“…PDA has excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity. It has been confirmed that PDA can promote osteoblast cell adhesion and biomineralization [14]. We speculated that this nano-structured PPy/PDA NWs might have excellent promoting effect on osteogenesis than pure PDA and PPy.…”

“…Actually, many studies confirmed that the PPy applied with electrical stimulation (ES) could promote the expression of proliferation and differentiation for tissue regeneration such as bone and nerves [11][12][13]. However, PPy does not display functional groups to help it adhere to surfaces [14]; therefore, generating composite materials with PPy and other adhesive polymers can effectively enhance the functionality of PPy-containing coatings.…”

Recent Advances in a Polydopamine-Mediated Antimicrobial Adhesion System

“… Ku and Park (2010) introduced PDA coatings for potential vascular tissue engineering applications ( Ku and Park, 2010 ). It has been shown that PDA offers simple, effective, and inexpensive alternative for bone tissue engineering compared to traditional surface modification and tissue regeneration ( Huang S. et al, 2016 ; Lee et al, 2017 ; Zhou et al, 2019 ). Madhurakkat Perikamana et al (2015) have discussed in detail various techniques for versatile surface modification for tissue engineering.…”