A NanoSIMS study of Si- and Ca-Ti-isotopic compositions of presolar silicon carbide grains from supernovae

Besmehn, Astrid; Hoppe, P.

doi:10.1016/s0016-7037(03)00239-4

Cited by 81 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…When the mixtures showing 29 Si/ 28 Si < À200 and the X1 signature are selected, they show a 44 Ti/ 48 Ti ratio of $0.4-0.5 in the case of the 3.3 M supernova model. On the other hand, the 44 Ti/ 48 Ti ratio of the grains from supernovae are distributed between 0.001 and 0.56 (Nittler et al 1996;Travaglio et al 1999;Hoppe et al 2000;Besmehn & Hoppe 2003). Therefore, the 44 Ti / 48 Ti ratio of the mixtures is larger than that of most grains.…”

Section: What Supernova Produces Supernova-originating Presolar Grains?mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Since 44 Ti is produced only in deep layers of supernova ejecta, this evidence strongly supports the supernova origin. In most SiC grains, isotopic ratios of C, N, Si, Ca, and Ti have been measured (e.g., Amari et al 1992Amari et al , 1995Nittler et al 1996;Hoppe et al 2000;Lin et al 2002;Besmehn & Hoppe 2003). Evidence for the presence of the other short-lived nuclei 26 Al, 41 Ca, and 49 V has been found (Amari et al 1992Hoppe & Besmehn 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1 shows the Si isotopic ratios of presolar grains from supernovae. The data are adopted from Amari et al (1992), Nittler et al (1996), Hoppe et al (2000), Lin et al (2002), and Besmehn & Hoppe (2003) for SiC X grains and Travaglio et al (1999) for low-density graphite grains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They mainly adopted 15 and 25 M star models from Woosley & Weaver (1995). Yoshida & Hashimoto (2004) Nittler et al (1996), Hoppe et al (2000), Lin et al (2002), and Besmehn & Hoppe (2003), respectively. Diamonds are the ratios of low-density graphites adopted from Travaglio et al (1999 that massive stars heavier than $20 M may explode more energetically as ''hypernovae'' (e.g., Nomoto et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Si Isotopic Ratios in Supernovae for Presolar Grains

Yoshida

Umeda

Nomoto

2005

ApJ

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Primitive meteorites contain presolar grains that are considered to have traces of the nucleosynthesis at their birth as large isotopic anomalies. The isotopic signatures are important to identify the origin of the grains. Supernovaoriginating presolar grains, such as SiC type X and low-density graphite, have also been identified by the excesses of 28 Si with respect to the solar Si isotopic ratios. At the same time, most of them are depleted in 30 Si rather than in 29 Si compared to the solar Si ratios. A small number of them show 29 Si deficits. We investigate the Si isotopic ratios of supernova ejecta with different-mass progenitors considering inhomogeneous mixing. The mixture components consist of four layers of the supernova ejecta: the Ni, Si/S, He/C, and He/ N layers. Detailed nucleosynthesis during stellar evolution and supernova explosion is calculated using 3.3, 4, 6, and 8 M He star models. Supernova explosions for all of the stellar models and a hypernova explosion for the 8 M He star model are considered. The 30 Si deficits with respect to solar ratios found in most grains are explained by the mixtures of the 3.3 and 4 M supernova models and the 8 M hypernova model. The 29 Si deficits are explained by the mixtures of the 6 and 8 M supernova models. Although the Si abundance in the Ni layer is small, the Ni layer is important to reproduce the Si isotopic ratios of the grains. The Si isotopic ratios in the Ni layer largely depend on the stellar mass, because a shorter explosion timescale is more favorable to the production of 29 Si than 30 Si. Most presolar grains from supernovae with deficits of 30 Si rather than of 29 Si compared to the solar Si isotopic ratios would be from less massive supernovae whose progenitor masses are smaller than $15 M and hypernovae whose progenitor masses are heavier than $20 M .

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Section: What Supernova Produces Supernova-originating Presolar Grains?mentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Si Isotopic Ratios in Supernovae for Presolar Grains

Yoshida

Umeda

Nomoto

2005

ApJ

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“…For example, CAMECA NanoSIMS 50 equipment has demonstrated a high lateral resolution (150 nm or less and 50 nm or less with primary O 2 + and Cs + ions, respectively), the ability to detect simultaneously five different ions from the same microvolume and a very good transmission even at high mass resolution [82]. During the last few years, nanoSIMS technology has been strongly investigated for a wide range of applications, including isotopic measurements of presolar silicon carbide grains from supernovae [83], for imaging of As traces in human hair [84], to test the toxic effects of Al, Co and Cr particles in cells [82], to study the localisation of Fe in Alzheimer's disease hippocampus [85] and for surface chemical analysis of DNA microarrays [79].…”

Section: Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry and Sputtered Neutral Mass Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic mass spectrometry as a tool for characterisation at the nanoscale

et al. 2009

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Inorganic mass spectrometry techniques may offer great potential for the characterisation at the nanoscale, because they provide unique elemental information of great value for a better understanding of processes occurring at nanometre-length dimensions. Two main groups of techniques are reviewed: those allowing direct solid analysis with spatial resolution capabilities, i.e. lateral (imaging) and/or indepth profile, and those for the analysis of liquids containing colloids. In this context, the present capabilities of widespread elemental mass spectrometry techniques such as laser ablation coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), glow discharge mass spectrometry and secondary ion/neutral mass spectrometry are described and compared through selected examples from various scientific fields. On the other hand, approaches for the characterisation (i.e. size, composition, presence of impurities, etc.) of colloidal solutions containing nanoparticles by the well-established ICP-MS technique are described. In this latter case, the capabilities derived from the on-line coupling of separation techniques such as field-flow fractionation and liquid chromatography with ICP-MS are also assessed. Finally, appealing trends using ICP-MS for bioassays with biomolecules labelled with nanoparticles are delineated.

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