A natural variation in Ribonuclease H-like gene underlies Rht8 to confer “Green Revolution” trait in wheat

Chai, Lingling; Xin, Mingming; Dong, Chaoqun; Chen, Zhaoyan; Zhai, Huijie; Zhuang, Junhong; Cheng, Xuejiao; Wang, Naijiao; Geng, Jia; Wang, Xiaobo; Bian, Ruolin; Yao, Yingyin; Guo, Weilong; Hu, Zhaorong; Peng, Huiru; Bai, Guihua; Sun, Qixin; Su, Zhenqi; Liu, Jie

doi:10.1016/j.molp.2022.01.013

Cited by 68 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Only a few genes for PH have previously been isolated, including RhtB1b , RhtD1b , Rht8 , Rht24 , and TaWUS-like . The first four genes reduce the PH via the GA pathway, and TaWUS-like may be related to the GA and/or BR pathway [ 6 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. In this study, we isolated a novel gene, TaDHL , that controls PH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two genes and their dwarfing alleles, Rht-B1c ( Rht3 ), Rht-D1c ( Rht10 ), Rht-B1e ( Rht11 ), and RhtB1p ( Rht17 ), are GA-insensitive, while the other Rht genes are responsive to GA (GA-sensitive) [ 10 ]. Recently, the gene of Rht8 , TraesCSU02G024900 or TraesCSU03G0022100 , was isolated, which encodes a ribonuclease H-like protein that regulates plant height via participating in GA biosynthesis regulation [ 18 , 19 ]. The causal gene of Rht24 , TraesCS6A02G221900 ( TaGA2ox-A9 ), was also isolated, which encodes a gibberellin (GA)2-oxidase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ATP-dependent DNA helicase (TaDHL), a Novel Reduced-Height (Rht) Gene in Wheat

Guo

Jin

Chen

et al. 2022

Genes

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In wheat, a series of dwarf and semi-dwarf plant varieties have been developed and utilized worldwide since the 1960s and caused the ‘Green Revolution’. To date, 25 reduced-height (Rht) genes have been identified, but only several genes for plant height (PH) have been isolated previously. In this study, we identified a candidate gene, ATP-dependent DNA helicase (TaDHL-7B), for PH via QTL mapping and genome-wide association study (GWAS) methods. We knocked out this gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in variety ‘Fielder’. Two homozygous mutant genotypes, AAbbDD (−5 bp) and AAbbDD (−1 bp), were obtained in the T2 generation. The PH values of AAbbDD (−5 bp) and AAbbDD (−1 bp) were significantly reduced compared with the wild-type (WT, ‘Fielder’), indicating that TaDHL-7B is a novel Rht gene that controls the PH. This is the first time that a PH gene of wheat has been isolated with a non-hormone pathway, providing a new insight into the genetic control of PH. The TaDHL gene reduced the PH without a yield penalty. It could be used to improve the lodging resistance and yield in wheat breeding programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ATP-dependent DNA helicase (TaDHL), a Novel Reduced-Height (Rht) Gene in Wheat

Guo

Jin

Chen

et al. 2022

Genes

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“…When Rht8 is present, the lines bearing C showed a significantly reduced PH compared with the lines with c allele. Cloning of Rht8 indicated that it encodes a protein containing a Zinc finger BED-type motif and an RNase H-like domain or RNHL-D1 that regulates plant height via influencing bioactive GA biosynthesis [ 30 , 31 ]. C might interact and work together with RNHL-D1 for the reinforcement of this semi-dwarf trait by Rht8 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleiotropic Effect of the compactum Gene and Its Combined Effects with Other Loci for Spike and Grain-Related Traits in Wheat

Wen

Jiao

et al. 2022

Plants

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Club wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. compactum) with a distinctly compact spike morphology was conditioned by the dominant compactum (C) locus on chromosome 2D and resulted in a redistribution of spike yield components. The disclosure of the genetic basis of club wheat was a prerequisite for the development of widely adapted, agronomically competitive club wheat cultivars. In this study, we used a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between club wheat Hiller and modern cultivar Yangmai 158 to construct a genetic linkage map and identify quantitative trait loci associated with 15 morphological traits. The club allele acted in a semi-dominant manner and the C gene was mapped to 370.12–406.29 Mb physical region on the long arm of 2D. Apart from compact spikes, C exhibited a pleiotropic effect on ten other agronomic traits, including plant height, three spike-related traits and six grain-related traits. The compact spike phenotype was correlated with decreased grain size and weight, but with an increase in floret fertility and grain number. These pleiotropic effects make club wheat have compatible spike weight with a normal spike from common wheat. The genetic effects of various gene combinations of C with four yield-related genes, including Ppd-D1, Vrn-D3, Rht-B1b and Rht8, were evaluated. C had no epistatic interaction with any of these genes, indicating that their combinations would have an additive effect on other agronomically important traits. Our research provided a theoretical foundation for the potentially effective deployment of C gene into modern breeding varieties in combination with other favorable alleles.

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“…Among all other minor QTL, the Qvb-2D on chromosome 2D was located at a similar position to the major wheat semi-dwarfing gene Rht8 / RNHL-D1 [ TraesCSU02G024900 (CS RefSeq v1.0, 24 Mb); Chai et al, 2022 ; Xiong et al, 2022 ]. The GA-sensitive Rht8 reduces plant height without scarifying coleoptile length ( Chai et al, 2022 ), and the combinations of Rht8 and Rht4 (had moderate effects on plant height) could reduce plant height to a desirable level, and improve yield-related traits in the rainfed cultivation ( Yingying et al, 2018 ). However, our results showed that the QTL for VB was independent on the QTL for plant height with no significant correlation between VB and PH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several auxin efflux carrier family proteins have been reported in Arabidopsis thaliana, which were involved in polar auxin transport and accumulation and the formation of vascular tissues (Forestan and Varotto, 2012). Among all other minor QTL, the Qvb-2D on chromosome 2D was located at a similar position to the major wheat semi-dwarfing gene Rht8/RNHL-D1 [TraesCSU02G024900 (CS RefSeq v1.0, 24 Mb); Chai et al, 2022;Xiong et al, 2022]. The GA-sensitive Rht8 reduces plant height without scarifying coleoptile length (Chai et al, 2022), and the combinations of Rht8 and Rht4 (had moderate effects on plant height) could reduce plant height to a desirable level, and improve yield-related traits in the rainfed cultivation (Yingying et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of QTL for Stem Traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

et al. 2022

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Lodging in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a complicated phenomenon that is influenced by physiological, genetics, and external factors. It causes a great yield loss and reduces grain quality and mechanical harvesting efficiency. Lodging resistance is contributed by various traits, including increased stem strength. The aim of this study was to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling stem strength-related features (the number of big vascular bundles, stem diameter, stem wall thickness) using a doubled haploid (DH) population derived from a cross between Baiqimai and Neixiang 5. Field experiments were conducted during 2020–2022, and glasshouse experiments were conducted during 2021–2022. Significant genetic variations were observed for all measured traits, and they were all highly heritable. Fifteen QTL for stem strength-related traits were identified on chromosomes 2D, 3A, 3B, 3D, 4B, 5A, 6B, 7A, and 7D, respectively, and 7 QTL for grain yield-related traits were identified on chromosomes 2B, 2D, 3D, 4B, 7A, and 7B, respectively. The superior allele of the major QTL for the number of big vascular bundle (VB) was independent of plant height (PH), making it possible to improve stem strength without a trade-off of PH, thus improving lodging resistance. VB also showed positive correlations with some of the yield components. The result will be useful for molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) for high stem strength and high yield potential.

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A natural variation in Ribonuclease H-like gene underlies Rht8 to confer “Green Revolution” trait in wheat

Cited by 68 publications

References 10 publications

ATP-dependent DNA helicase (TaDHL), a Novel Reduced-Height (Rht) Gene in Wheat

ATP-dependent DNA helicase (TaDHL), a Novel Reduced-Height (Rht) Gene in Wheat

Pleiotropic Effect of the compactum Gene and Its Combined Effects with Other Loci for Spike and Grain-Related Traits in Wheat

Identification of QTL for Stem Traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

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